Posttraumatic growth (PTG) has captivated the attention of clinicians and researchers over the past three decades. However, accumulating evidence suggests that individuals' self-reports of PTG may be cognitively biased. In the current systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to investigate the relation between cognitive biases and perceived PTG. In line with existing theory on cognitive biases that may lead to illusory perceived PTG, we examined the following cognitive biases: defensiveness, memory bias, downward comparison bias, social desirability bias, positive attention bias, and growth beliefs. Forty-seven studies met criteria for inclusion in this review and 66 separate effects were coded for meta-analyses. Results indicated that cognitive biases were related to perceived PTG, with variation by type of cognitive bias. Moderator analyses revealed that downward comparison bias, positive attention bias, and growth beliefs exhibited stronger relations with perceived PTG than did defensiveness, memory bias, and social desirability bias. Further, subgroup analyses explored effects by type of cognitive bias and characteristics of cognitive bias measurements. The current study suggests that cognitive biases may have a role in individuals' perceptions of their PTG. This contributes to theory on the origins of illusory perceptions of PTG and provides direction for improvements to the measurement of PTG and clinical approaches to PTG.

在过去的三十年里，创伤后生长 (PTG) 引起了临床医生和研究人员的关注。然而，越来越多的证据表明，个人对 PTG 的自我报告可能存在认知偏差。在当前的系统评价和荟萃分析中，我们旨在调查认知偏差与感知 PTG 之间的关系。根据现有的关于可能导致虚幻感知 PTG 的认知偏差的理论，我们检查了以下认知偏差：防御性、记忆偏差、向下比较偏差、社会期望偏差、积极的注意偏差和成长信念。47 项研究符合纳入本综述的标准，66 项单独的效应被编码用于荟萃分析。结果表明，认知偏差与感知的 PTG 相关，并因认知偏差类型而异。调节分析显示，向下比较偏差、积极关注偏差和成长信念与感知 PTG 的关系比防御性、记忆偏差和社会期望偏差更强。此外，亚组分析探讨了认知偏差类型和认知偏差测量特征的影响。目前的研究表明，认知偏差可能在个人对其 PTG 的看法中起作用。