Fuel cell (FC)-battery hybrid electric vehicles (EVs) are an alternative to emergent battery EVs. Normally, a dc–dc converter is used to connect the low-voltage dc output of the FC to the high-voltage EV battery and ensure that a slow-changing unidirectional power flow is maintained from the FC. This article proposes to directly integrate the FC as one of the two energy sources in a dual-inverter-based EV drive. A conventional EV battery is used as the second energy source. A power sharing algorithm is introduced, which allows the dual-inverter drive to be modulated such that unidirectional power flow is maintained from the FC. In addition, power flow is controlled such that the minimum FC power to avoid its unnecessary shutdown is maintained under all operating points of an EV drive cycle, including regenerative braking. A key aspect of this algorithm is the injection of motor reactive current as a means to achieve desired FC power transfer during fast mechanical power reduction transients or when low mechanical power is required from the drive. This method allows for the motor to achieve fast mechanical power transients while respecting the slowly changing power reference of the FC.

中文翻译：

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双逆变器电动汽车传动系统中燃料电池直接集成的功率共享控制算法

燃料电池 (FC)-电池混合动力电动汽车 (EV) 是新兴电池电动汽车的替代品。通常，DC-DC 转换器用于将 FC 的低压直流输出连接到高压 EV 电池，并确保从 FC 保持缓慢变化的单向功率流。本文提出将 FC 直接集成为基于双逆变器的 EV 驱动器中的两种能源之一。传统的电动汽车电池用作第二能源。引入了一种功率共享算法，该算法允许对双逆变器驱动器进行调制，从而保持来自 FC 的单向功率流。此外，功率流受到控制，以便在 EV 驱动循环的所有操作点（包括再生制动）下保持最小 FC 功率以避免不必要的停机。该算法的一个关键方面是注入电机无功电流，作为在快速机械功率降低瞬变期间或当驱动器需要低机械功率时实现所需 FC 功率传输的一种手段。这种方法允许电机实现快速机械功率瞬变，同时尊重 FC 缓慢变化的功率参考。