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Positive and Future-Focused vs. I-Focused: A Comparative Examination of Effective Conflict Resolution Scripts to Minimize Gender Backlash in Engineering Settings
Sex Roles ( IF 3.812 ) Pub Date : 2022-04-21 , DOI: 10.1007/s11199-022-01281-6
Joanna Wolfe , Elizabeth Powell

This paper presents three studies that examine how women can respond to conflict in assertive ways that obtain their desired result without harm to their competence and likability, thus minimizing gender backlash. In Study 1, we interviewed 29 experienced women engineers and had them read scenarios of common team conflicts and describe the exact words they would use (and the words they would avoid using) to respond in these conflicts. We inductively coded these responses to develop a positive, future-focused (PFF) script for responding to conflict that minimized gender backlash. This PFF script balances communality and agency by pointing out positives, foregrounding group goals, focusing on solutions, and avoiding emotion. In two follow-up experimental studies, we compared the PFF script to popular psychology advice that encourages individuals to foreground their personal feelings with I-focused statements. Engineering students (N = 289, Study 2; N = 279, Study 3) viewed three conflict scenarios with different response strategies and rated their impressions of the protagonist and the likelihood of a satisfactory outcome. Results demonstrated that conflict responses based on the PFF script led to significantly better impressions and outcomes for both men and women protagonists compared to responses based on I-focused statements. Training students and professionals to use PFF conflict resolution strategies has the potential to increase women’s visibility in situations where they currently remain silent and to improve overall team dynamics in ways that challenge gender stereotypes.



中文翻译:

积极和面向未来与以我为中心:有效冲突解决脚本的比较检查,以最大限度地减少工程环境中的性别反弹

本文介绍了三项研究,研究女性如何以自信的方式应对冲突,从而在不损害她们的能力和可爱度的情况下获得预期的结果,从而最大限度地减少性别反弹。在研究 1 中,我们采访了 29 位经验丰富的女工程师,让她们阅读常见团队冲突的场景,并描述她们在这些冲突中会使用的确切词语(以及她们会避免使用的词语)来应对这些冲突。我们对这些反应进行了归纳编码,以开发一个积极的、面向未来的 (PFF) 脚本,用于应对冲突,最大限度地减少性别反弹。这个 PFF 脚本通过指出积极因素、突出团队目标、专注于解决方案和避免情绪来平衡社区和代理。在后续的两项实验研究中,我们将 PFF 脚本与流行的心理学建议进行了比较,后者鼓励个人通过以我为中心的陈述来突出他们的个人感受。工科学生(N  = 289,研究 2;N  = 279,研究 3)查看了具有不同响应策略的三种冲突场景,并评估了他们对主角的印象以及令人满意的结果的可能性。结果表明,与基于 I-focused 陈述的响应相比,基于 PFF 脚本的冲突响应给男性和女性主角带来了更好的印象和结果。培训学生和专业人员使用 PFF 冲突解决策略有可能提高女性在目前保持沉默的情况下的知名度,并以挑战性别刻板印象的方式改善整体团队动态。

更新日期:2022-04-22
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