Demographic ageing in most countries around the world is significant. Japan, the most ageing country in the world, is expected to reach an ageing rate of over 40% by 2055. A better understanding of the daily mobility patterns of older people is fundamental for an ageing society to meet the needs of their daily life. Active travel (cycling and walking) is recognised to deliver a positive effect on physical and mental health, as well as fulfil daily necessities for older people. Most of the existing studies are based on investigation from Western countries' contexts, as well as younger generations. The situation of older adults in the Japanese backgrounds remains largely unknown. As such, this study aims to explore the determinants of older adults' walking and cycling behaviour with a particular focus on built environment factors. A suite of regression models is constructed to analyse active travel frequency and duration in relation to a suite of built environment characteristics respectively. The results show that built environment factors have profound effects on walking and cycling patterns. Specifically, older people are significantly sensitive to the availability of transit facilities, such as the number of bus stops, and distance to the nearest rail transport station. In addition, higher population density and mixed land use contribute to higher walking frequency and duration, while having a negative effect on cycling frequency and duration. These findings provide evidence for policymakers to develop effective land use strategies, public transport provision implications, and public facility distribution to promote older adults' active travel for the Japanese hyper-ageing society.

世界上大多数国家的人口老龄化是显着的。日本是世界上老龄化程度最高的国家，预计到 2055 年老龄化率将达到 40% 以上。更好地了解老年人的日常出行模式是老龄化社会满足其日常生活需求的基础。积极的旅行（骑自行车和步行）被认为可以对身心健康产生积极影响，并满足老年人的日常必需品。现有的大多数研究都是基于对西方国家以及年轻一代的调查。日本背景中老年人的情况在很大程度上仍然未知。因此，本研究旨在探索老年人步行和骑自行车行为的决定因素，特别关注建筑环境因素。构建了一套回归模型来分别分析与一套建筑环境特征相关的主动旅行频率和持续时间。结果表明，建筑环境因素对步行和骑自行车模式有深远的影响。具体而言，老年人对交通设施的可用性非常敏感，例如公交车站的数量以及到最近的铁路交通站的距离。此外，较高的人口密度和混合土地利用有助于提高步行频率和持续时间，同时对骑自行车频率和持续时间产生负面影响。这些发现为政策制定者制定有效的土地使用策略、公共交通提供影响和公共设施分布提供了证据，以促进老年人的