This paper investigates the effects of the gradient distribution of microdefects on wave propagation through a rock mass. A piecewise three-characteristic lines method is proposed that can consider the gradient distribution of microdefects. A rock mass with a microdefect gradient distribution was explored and compared to wave propagation through a rock mass with a uniform distribution of microdefects. Subsequently, the effects of gradient and frequency on the particle stress transmission coefficient, particle velocity transmission coefficient, and energy transmission coefficient were discussed. The results indicate that a rock mass with a microdefect gradient distribution significantly affects wave propagation. The traditional study of wave propagation in a rock mass with a uniform distribution of microdefects can be considered a special example of the present study. In addition, the particle velocity transmission coefficient and energy transmission coefficient are always less than 1.0. However, when the gradient is large and the frequency is small, the particle stress transmission coefficient is larger than 1.0, which shows that the particle stress amplitude in a rock mass with a microdefect gradient distribution will be amplified.

本文研究了微缺陷梯度分布对波通过岩体传播的影响。提出了一种考虑微缺陷梯度分布的分段三特征线法。探索了具有微缺陷梯度分布的岩体，并将其与通过具有均匀分布的微缺陷的岩体的波传播进行了比较。随后，梯度和频率对粒子应力传递系数、粒子速度讨论了传输系数和能量传输系数。结果表明，具有微缺陷梯度分布的岩体显着影响波的传播。传统的波在微缺陷分布均匀分布的岩体中的研究可以被认为是本研究的一个特殊例子。此外，粒子速度传递系数和能量传递系数始终小于1.0。但当梯度较大且频率较小时，颗粒应力传递系数大于1.0，说明具有微缺陷梯度分布的岩体中颗粒应力幅值会被放大。