Background

With rapid development in agriculture and industry, water polluted with heavy metallic ions has come to be a serious problem. Adsorption-based methods are simple, efficient, and broadly used to eliminate heavy metals. Conventional adsorption materials have the problems of secondary environmental contamination. Hydrogels are considered effective adsorbents, and those prepared from biopolymers are biocompatible, biodegradable, non-toxic, safe to handle, and increasingly used to adsorb heavy metal ions.

Aim of review

The natural origin and easy degradability of biopolymer hydrogels make them potential for development in environmental remediation. Its water absorption capacity enables it to efficiently adsorb various pollutants in the aqueous environment, and its internal pore channels increase the specific surface area for adsorption, which can provide abundant active binding sites for heavy metal ions through chemical modification.

Key scientific concept of review

As the most representative of biopolymer hydrogels, polysaccharide-based hydrogels are diverse, physically and chemically stable, and can undergo complex chemical modifications to enhance their performance, thus exhibiting superior ability to remove contaminants. This review summarizes the preparation methods of hydrogels, followed by a discussion of the main categories and applications of polysaccharide-based biopolymer hydrogels.

中文翻译：

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用于重金属检测和吸附的多糖基生物聚合物水凝胶

背景

随着农业和工业的快速发展，重金属离子污染的水体已成为一个严重的问题。基于吸附的方法简单、高效，广泛用于消除重金属。传统的吸附材料存在二次污染环境的问题。水凝胶被认为是有效的吸附剂，由生物聚合物制备的水凝胶具有生物相容性、可生物降解、无毒、操作安全，并且越来越多地用于吸附重金属离子。

审查目的

生物聚合物水凝胶的天然来源和易降解性使其在环境修复方面具有发展潜力。其吸水能力使其能够高效吸附水环境中的各种污染物，其内部孔道增加了吸附比表面积，可通过化学修饰为重金属离子提供丰富的活性结合位点。

审查的关键科学概念

作为最具代表性的生物聚合物水凝胶，多糖基水凝胶具有多样性、物理和化学稳定性，可以进行复杂的化学修饰以增强其性能，从而表现出优越的污染物去除能力。本综述总结了水凝胶的制备方法，然后讨论了多糖基生物聚合物水凝胶的主要类别和应用。