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Examining combinations of stimulus and contingency changes with children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder and pigeons
Learning and Motivation ( IF 1.488 ) Pub Date : 2022-04-15 , DOI: 10.1016/j.lmot.2022.101806
Madeleine Keevy 1 , John Y.H. Bai 2 , Carolyn M. Ritchey 3 , Christopher A. Podlesnik 3
Affiliation  

Resurgence and renewal are relapse phenomena in which behavior undergoing extinction returns as a result of worsening of reinforcement conditions or changes in environmental context, respectively. The present experiments examined laboratory models of resurgence and renewal in isolation and in combination to assess the potential influences of these effects during treatments with differential reinforcement of alternative behavior (DRA). Experiment 1 demonstrated a greater return in arbitrary target responding in children diagnosed with autism when both changing context and removing alternative reinforcement compared with only a change in context. Experiment 2 evaluated a similar comparison by exposing pigeons to changes in context and changes in the contingency for alternative responding in isolation or combination. Consistent with Experiment 1, target responding increased most when combining contingency and context changes. Experiment 3 demonstrated greater increases in target responding with pigeons when returning to the training context and omitting higher compared with lower percentages of alternative reinforcers. This study replicated and extended previous findings that revealed resurgence of target behavior is greater when combining context changes and greater reductions in alternative reinforcement. These findings imply that context changes can exacerbate relapse with DRA treatments resulting from decreases in alternative reinforcement either through breakdowns in treatment integrity or planned maintenance strategies.



中文翻译:

检查被诊断患有自闭症谱系障碍的儿童和鸽子的刺激和偶然变化的组合

复苏和更新是复发现象,其中经历灭绝的行为分别由于强化条件的恶化或环境环境的变化而返回。目前的实验分别检查了复苏和更新的实验室模型,以评估这些效应在治疗过程中的潜在影响,以及替代行为的差异强化 (DRA)。实验 1 表明,与仅改变背景相比,当改变背景和移除替代强化时,被诊断患有自闭症的儿童的任意目标响应的回报更大。实验 2 评估了类似的比较,通过将鸽子暴露在环境变化和偶然性变化中,以单独或组合进行替代反应。与实验 1 一致,结合突发事件和环境变化时,目标响应增加最多。实验 3 表明,与较低百分比的替代强化物相比,当返回训练环境和省略较高比例的替代强化物时,鸽子对目标的反应有更大的增加。该研究复制并扩展了先前的研究结果,这些研究结果表明,当结合上下文变化和替代强化的更大减少时,目标行为的复苏更大。这些发现表明,环境变化可能会加剧 DRA 治疗的复发,这是由于治疗完整性或计划维护策略的破坏导致替代强化减少所致。实验 3 表明,与较低百分比的替代强化物相比,当返回训练环境和省略较高比例的替代强化物时,鸽子对目标的反应有更大的增加。该研究复制并扩展了先前的研究结果,这些研究结果表明,当结合上下文变化和替代强化的更大减少时,目标行为的复苏更大。这些发现表明,环境变化可能会加剧 DRA 治疗的复发,这是由于治疗完整性或计划维护策略的破坏导致替代强化减少所致。实验 3 表明,与较低百分比的替代强化物相比,当返回训练环境和省略较高比例的替代强化物时,鸽子对目标的反应有更大的增加。该研究复制并扩展了先前的研究结果,这些研究结果表明,当结合上下文变化和替代强化的更大减少时,目标行为的复苏更大。这些发现表明,环境变化可能会加剧 DRA 治疗的复发,这是由于治疗完整性或计划维护策略的破坏导致替代强化减少所致。该研究复制并扩展了先前的研究结果,这些研究结果表明,当结合上下文变化和替代强化的更大减少时,目标行为的复苏更大。这些发现表明,环境变化可能会加剧 DRA 治疗的复发,这是由于治疗完整性或计划维护策略的破坏导致替代强化减少所致。该研究复制并扩展了先前的研究结果,这些研究结果表明,当结合上下文变化和替代强化的更大减少时,目标行为的复苏更大。这些发现表明,环境变化可能会加剧 DRA 治疗的复发,这是由于治疗完整性或计划维护策略的破坏导致替代强化减少所致。

更新日期:2022-04-15
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