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Maximizing spring wheat productivity in the eastern Canadian Prairies II. Grain nitrogen, grain protein, and nitrogen use
Agronomy Journal ( IF 2.1 ) Pub Date : 2022-04-09 , DOI: 10.1002/agj2.21080
Amy Mangin 1 , Anita Brûlé‐Babel 1 , Don Flaten 2 , Jochum Wiersma 3 , Yvonne Lawley 1
Affiliation  

The marketability of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) across the Canadian prairies is largely dependent on grain protein content. New high-yielding cultivars require a large investment in fertilizer N to achieve milling quality standards. When high rates of N fertilizer are applied, N use efficiencies tend to decrease, lowering returns on investment. The objectives of this study were to identify patterns of N use for spring wheat cultivars and how they are influenced by agronomic management practices. Field trials were conducted in 2018 and 2019 in Manitoba, Canada, to evaluate N uptake timing, N remobilization from vegetative tissue and the resulting grain N yield and protein content. Three spring wheat cultivars were evaluated using five N fertilizer treatments with and without an application of a plant growth regulator (PGR). When high N rates were applied, average N use efficiency, for grain N production, was 60%. On average 21–36% of N uptake occurred after anthesis and this portion was highly dependent on late-season precipitation. Targeting increases in early season N accumulation and grain-fill remobilization, to produce optimal grain N levels, may be used to managing risk associated with unknown precipitation during the growing season. Cultivars tested produced similar grain N levels through fundamentally different N use patterns, indicating that there may be opportunity for breeding programs to target N use patterns that best fit environmental conditions of the Canadian prairies to maximize grain N production.

中文翻译:

最大化加拿大东部大草原的春小麦产量 II。谷物氮、谷物蛋白和氮利用

春小麦 ( Triticum aestivum ) 的适销性L.) 横跨加拿大大草原在很大程度上取决于谷物蛋白质含量。新的高产品种需要大量的氮肥投资才能达到碾磨质量标准。当氮肥施用率高时,氮的利用效率往往会降低,从而降低投资回报。本研究的目的是确定春小麦品种的氮利用模式以及它们如何受到农艺管理实践的影响。2018 年和 2019 年在加拿大马尼托巴省进行了田间试验,以评估氮的吸收时间、营养组织中的氮再利用以及由此产生的谷物氮产量和蛋白质含量。使用和不使用植物生长调节剂 (PGR) 的五种氮肥处理对三个春小麦品种进行了评估。当应用高氮率时,平均氮利用效率,粮食氮产量为 60%。平均 21-36% 的 N 吸收发生在开花后,这部分高度依赖于晚季降水。以增加早季氮积累和籽粒填充再活化为目标,以产生最佳的籽粒氮水平,可用于管理与生长季节未知降水相关的风险。所测试的品种通过根本不同的 N 使用模式产生了相似的谷物 N 水平,这表明育种计划可能有机会针对最适合加拿大草原环境条件的 N 使用模式,以最大限度地提高谷物 N 产量。以增加早季氮积累和籽粒填充再活化为目标,以产生最佳的籽粒氮水平,可用于管理与生长季节未知降水相关的风险。所测试的品种通过根本不同的 N 使用模式产生了相似的谷物 N 水平,这表明育种计划可能有机会针对最适合加拿大草原环境条件的 N 使用模式,以最大限度地提高谷物 N 产量。以增加早季氮积累和籽粒填充再活化为目标,以产生最佳的籽粒氮水平,可用于管理与生长季节未知降水相关的风险。所测试的品种通过根本不同的 N 使用模式产生了相似的谷物 N 水平,这表明育种计划可能有机会针对最适合加拿大草原环境条件的 N 使用模式,以最大限度地提高谷物 N 产量。
更新日期:2022-04-09
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