Aims

Patient factors affect the risk of radiotherapy toxicity, but many are poorly defined. Studies have shown that race affects cancer incidence, survival, drug response, molecular pathways and epigenetics. Effects on radiosensitivity and radiotherapy toxicity are not well studied. The aim of the present study was to identify the effects of race and ethnicity on the risk of radiotherapy toxicity.

Materials and methods

A systematic review was carried out of PubMed, Ovid Medline and Ovid Embase with no year limit. PRISMA 2020 guidelines were followed. Two independent assessors reviewed papers.

Results

Of 607 papers screened, 46 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Papers were published between 1996 and 2021 and involved 30–28,354 individuals (median 433). Most involved patients with prostate (33%), breast (26%) and lung (9%) cancer. Both early and late toxicities were studied. Some studies reported a higher risk of toxicity in White men with prostate cancer compared with other races and ethnicities. For breast cancer patients, some reported an increased risk of toxicity in White women compared with other race and ethnic groups. In general, it was difficult to draw conclusions due to insufficient reporting and analysis of race and ethnicity in published literature.

Conclusions

Reporting of race and ethnicity in radiotherapy studies must be harmonised and improved and frameworks are needed to improve the quality of reporting. Further research is needed to understand how ancestral heritage might affect radiosensitivity and risk of radiotherapy toxicity.

中文翻译：

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种族和民族对放射治疗毒性风险的影响及其对放射基因组学的影响

目标

患者因素会影响放射治疗毒性的风险，但许多因素尚不明确。研究表明，种族影响癌症发病率、生存率、药物反应、分子途径和表观遗传学。对放射敏感性和放射治疗毒性的影响尚未得到充分研究。本研究的目的是确定种族和民族对放射治疗毒性风险的影响。

材料和方法

对 PubMed、Ovid Medline 和 Ovid Embase 进行了系统评价，没有年份限制。遵循 PRISMA 2020 指南。两名独立评估员审查了论文。

结果

在筛选的 607 篇论文中，46 篇符合纳入标准。论文发表于 1996 年至 2021 年间，涉及 30-28,354 人（中位数 433）。大多数涉及前列腺癌（33%）、乳腺癌（26%）和肺癌（9%）的患者。研究了早期和晚期毒性。一些研究报告说，与其他种族和民族相比，患有前列腺癌的白人男性的毒性风险更高。对于乳腺癌患者，一些人报告说，与其他种族和民族相比，白人女性的毒性风险增加。一般来说，由于已发表的文献中对种族和民族的报道和分析不足，很难得出结论。

结论

放射治疗研究中种族和民族的报告必须协调和改进，并且需要框架来提高报告的质量。需要进一步的研究来了解祖先遗产如何影响放射敏感性和放射治疗毒性的风险。