Abstract

Data on soil pollution with microplastic in the impact zone of a plant producing expanded polystyrene insulation boards (Minsk, Belarus) are discussed. The industrial site and a site on the floodplain of a small river at a distance of 500–600 m from the source of pollution have been studied; alluvial soil (Fluvisol), bottom sediments, and the technogenic deposits at the industrial site have been sampled. The content of microplastic particles in the samples has been determined using drying, sieving, and flotation in distilled water (with heating for the fractions of 1–2 mm and <1 mm). The natural organic substances have been removed with 30% hydrogen peroxide solution. The content of microplastic particles has been visually assessed in the fractions of 3–5, 2–3, 1–2, and <1 mm. Polystyrene particles have been detected in all the samples of soils, bottom sediments, and technogenic deposits. The content of the particles with a size of <5 mm in the soil of industrial site varies from 31 to 175 particles/kg soil; and in the alluvial soil, from 94 to 8864 particles/kg soil. In most cases, the fractions of <1 mm are prevalent followed by the fractions of 1–2 mm. Microplastic is present in the upper horizon (0–5 cm) and in the deeper soil horizons, to a depth of 15–20 cm. As is shown, the granules of the raw material (expanded polystyrene) and waste (foamed beads and polystyrene fragments) are mainly transported by the surface runoff.

中文翻译：

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微塑料对生产发泡聚苯乙烯的工厂影响区域的土壤污染

摘要

讨论了在生产发泡聚苯乙烯绝缘板的工厂（白俄罗斯明斯克）的影响区域中微塑料污染土壤的数据。对距污染源 500～600 m 的工业用地和小河流泛滥平原上的用地进行了研究；已经对工业现场的冲积土（Fluvisol）、底部沉积物和技术沉积物进行了采样。样品中微塑料颗粒的含量已通过干燥、筛分和在蒸馏水中浮选（加热 1-2 mm 和 <1 mm 的部分）来确定。天然有机物已用 30% 过氧化氢溶液去除。微塑料颗粒的含量以 3-5、2-3、1-2 和 <1 毫米的分数进行了视觉评估。在土壤、底部沉积物和技术沉积物的所有样品中都检测到了聚苯乙烯颗粒。工业场地土壤中粒径<5 mm的颗粒含量为31～175个/kg土壤；在冲积土中，从 94 到 8864 个颗粒/kg 土壤。在大多数情况下，<1 mm 的部分普遍存在，其次是 1-2 mm 的部分。微塑料存在于上层（0-5 厘米）和较深的土壤层中，深度为 15-20 厘米。如图所示，原材料（发泡聚苯乙烯）和废物（泡沫珠和聚苯乙烯碎片）的颗粒主要通过地表径流运输。在冲积土中，从 94 到 8864 个颗粒/kg 土壤。在大多数情况下，<1 mm 的部分普遍存在，其次是 1-2 mm 的部分。微塑料存在于上层（0-5 厘米）和较深的土壤层中，深度为 15-20 厘米。如图所示，原材料（发泡聚苯乙烯）和废物（泡沫珠和聚苯乙烯碎片）的颗粒主要通过地表径流运输。在冲积土中，从 94 到 8864 个颗粒/kg 土壤。在大多数情况下，<1 mm 的部分普遍存在，其次是 1-2 mm 的部分。微塑料存在于上层（0-5 厘米）和较深的土壤层中，深度为 15-20 厘米。如图所示，原材料（发泡聚苯乙烯）和废物（泡沫珠和聚苯乙烯碎片）的颗粒主要通过地表径流运输。