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Strategies to achieve a carbon neutral society: a review
Environmental Chemistry Letters ( IF 15.7 ) Pub Date : 2022-04-08 , DOI: 10.1007/s10311-022-01435-8
Lin Chen 1 , Goodluck Msigwa 1 , Mingyu Yang 1 , Ahmed I Osman 2 , Samer Fawzy 2 , David W Rooney 2 , Pow-Seng Yap 1
Affiliation  

The increasing global industrialization and over-exploitation of fossil fuels has induced the release of greenhouse gases, leading to an increase in global temperature and causing environmental issues. There is therefore an urgent necessity to reach net-zero carbon emissions. Only 4.5% of countries have achieved carbon neutrality, and most countries are still planning to do so by 2050–2070. Moreover, synergies between different countries have hampered synergies between adaptation and mitigation policies, as well as their co-benefits. Here, we present a strategy to reach a carbon neutral economy by examining the outcome goals of the 26th summit of the United Nations Climate Change Conference of the Parties (COP 26). Methods have been designed for mapping carbon emissions, such as input–output models, spatial systems, geographic information system maps, light detection and ranging techniques, and logarithmic mean divisia. We present decarbonization technologies and initiatives, and negative emissions technologies, and we discuss carbon trading and carbon tax. We propose plans for carbon neutrality such as shifting away from fossil fuels toward renewable energy, and the development of low-carbon technologies, low-carbon agriculture, changing dietary habits and increasing the value of food and agricultural waste. Developing resilient buildings and cities, introducing decentralized energy systems, and the electrification of the transportation sector is also necessary. We also review the life cycle analysis of carbon neutral systems.



中文翻译:

实现碳中和社会的战略:回顾

全球工业化程度不断提高和化石燃料的过度开采导致温室气体的释放,导致全球气温升高并引发环境问题。因此,迫切需要实现净零碳排放。只有 4.5% 的国家实现了碳中和,大多数国家仍计划在 2050-2070 年实现这一目标。此外,不同国家之间的协同作用阻碍了适应和减缓政策之间的协同作用以及它们的共同利益。在这里,我们通过审查第 26 届联合国气候变化缔约方大会 (COP 26) 的成果目标,提出了实现碳中和经济的战略。已经设计了用于绘制碳排放图的方法,例如投入产出模型、空间系统、地理信息系统地图、光探测和测距技术以及对数平均除法。我们介绍脱碳技术和倡议,以及负排放技术,并讨论碳交易和碳税。我们提出了碳中和计划,例如从化石燃料转向可再生能源,发展低碳技术、低碳农业、改变饮食习惯以及增加食品和农业废弃物的价值。发展有弹性的建筑和城市、引入分散的能源系统以及交通部门的电气化也是必要的。我们还回顾了碳中和系统的生命周期分析。和负排放技术,我们讨论碳交易和碳税。我们提出了碳中和计划,例如从化石燃料转向可再生能源,发展低碳技术、低碳农业、改变饮食习惯以及增加食品和农业废弃物的价值。发展有弹性的建筑和城市、引入分散的能源系统以及交通部门的电气化也是必要的。我们还回顾了碳中和系统的生命周期分析。和负排放技术,我们讨论碳交易和碳税。我们提出了碳中和计划,例如从化石燃料转向可再生能源,发展低碳技术、低碳农业、改变饮食习惯以及增加食品和农业废弃物的价值。发展有弹性的建筑和城市、引入分散的能源系统以及交通部门的电气化也是必要的。我们还回顾了碳中和系统的生命周期分析。改变饮食习惯,增加食物和农业废弃物的价值。发展有弹性的建筑和城市、引入分散的能源系统以及交通部门的电气化也是必要的。我们还回顾了碳中和系统的生命周期分析。改变饮食习惯,增加食物和农业废弃物的价值。发展有弹性的建筑和城市、引入分散的能源系统以及交通部门的电气化也是必要的。我们还回顾了碳中和系统的生命周期分析。

更新日期:2022-04-08
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