School refusal is a complex problem that refers to difficulty attending/remaining at school due to emotional distress about attendance. Despite its occurrence being associated with negative outcomes, many are unresponsive to the current treatment options. While parent factors have a key role to play in school refusal, they are not adequately addressed in existing treatments. Further research is needed to consolidate understanding and implement new treatments. Employing the PRISMA method, this review aims to identify modifiable parent factors associated with child and/or adolescent school refusal. Eight studies met inclusion criteria from which nine factors were identified. Factors found to be associated with school refusal included: parent psychopathology, family functioning and maternal overprotection (communication subdomain). Other factors such as maternal overprotection (affection, assistance and travel subdomains) and parental self-efficacy had weak or inconsistent results warranting further investigation. Overall, findings call for action in this field that has sparse and dated literature.

拒绝上学是一个复杂的问题，是指由于出勤情绪困扰而难以上学/留在学校。尽管其发生与负面结果有关，但许多人对当前的治疗方案没有反应。虽然家长因素在拒绝上学方面发挥着关键作用，但现有的治疗方法并未充分解决这些问题。需要进一步的研究来巩固理解并实施新的治疗方法。本综述采用 PRISMA 方法，旨在确定与儿童和/或青少年拒绝上学相关的可改变的家长因素。八项研究符合纳入标准，从中确定了九个因素。发现与拒绝上学有关的因素包括：父母的精神病理学、家庭功能和母亲的过度保护（沟通子领域）。其他因素，如母亲过度保护（感情、援助和旅行子领域）和父母自我效能感的结果较弱或不一致，值得进一步调查。总体而言，调查结果呼吁在这一文献稀少且过时的领域采取行动。