Children’s relationships inform their internal working models (IWMs) of the world around them. Attachment and emotional security theory (EST) emphasize the importance of parent–child and interparental relationships, respectively, for IWM. The current study examined (a) data-driven classes in child attachment and emotional security IWM, (b) associations between IWM classes and demographic variables, maltreatment, intimate partner violence (IPV), and maternal depressive symptoms, and (c) consistency in attachment and emotional security IWM classes, including as a function of maltreatment, IPV, and maternal depressive symptoms. Participants were 234 preschool-aged children (n = 152 experienced maltreatment and n = 82 had not experienced maltreatment) and their mothers. Children participated in a narrative-based assessment of IWM. Mothers reported demographics, IPV, and maternal depressive symptoms. Latent class analyses revealed three attachment IWM classes and three emotional security IWM classes. Maltreatment was associated with lower likelihood of being in the secure attachment class and elevated likelihood of being in the insecure dysregulated attachment class. Inconsistencies in classification across attachment and emotional security IWM classes were related to maltreatment, IPV, and maternal depressive symptoms. The current study juxtaposes attachment and EST and provides insight into impacts of family adversity on children’s IWM across different family relationships.

儿童的人际关系决定了他们对周围世界的内部工作模式（IWM）。依恋和情感安全理论（EST）分别强调亲子关系和父母间关系对于 IWM 的重要性。当前的研究检查了（a）儿童依恋和情感安全 IWM 中数据驱动的课程，（b）IWM 课程与人口变量、虐待、亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）和产妇抑郁症状之间的关联，以及（c）依恋和情感安全 IWM 课程，包括作为虐待、IPV 和产妇抑郁症状的函数。参与者为 234 名学龄前儿童（n = 152 名经历过虐待，n = 82 名未经历过虐待）及其母亲。孩子们参与了基于叙述的 IWM 评估。母亲们报告了人口统计数据、IPV 和产妇抑郁症状。潜在类别分析揭示了三个依恋 IWM 类别和三个情绪安全 IWM 类别。虐待与处于安全依恋类别的可能性较低以及处于不安全依恋失调类别的可能性较高相关。依恋和情感安全 IWM 类别的分类不一致与虐待、IPV 和产妇抑郁症状有关。目前的研究将依恋和 EST 并列，深入了解家庭逆境对不同家庭关系中儿童 IWM 的影响。