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US immigrants’ secondary migration and geographic assimilation during the Age of Mass Migration
Explorations in Economic History ( IF 1.857 ) Pub Date : 2022-04-06 , DOI: 10.1016/j.eeh.2022.101457
Ariell Zimran 1, 2
Affiliation  

I study the rates of, selection into, and sorting of European immigrants’ secondary migration within the United States and their geographic assimilation during the Age of Mass Migration. These phenomena are recognized as important components of the economics of immigration, but data constraints have limited prior study of them in this context. As part of the debate over immigrant distribution, they were also major issues in the broader twentieth-century immigration policy debate, which was influenced by the widely held view that immigrants in the early twentieth century were less geographically mobile and specifically more attached to urban areas than were natives and earlier immigrants. I find that immigrants throughout the Age of Mass Migration were at least as likely as natives to make inter-county moves, were more attached to urban areas, were more likely to move to urban destinations, and shared natives’ increasing attachment to urban areas over time. In spite of their mobility, immigrants experienced relatively little assimilation in their place-of-residence distributions relative to natives with time in the United States, though they did experience somewhat more convergence on natives in terms of urbanization. These results help to better understand immigrant assimilation and the effects of immigration during the Age of Mass Migration and imply that the contemporary views of immigrant immobility were either false, oversimplified, or the product of changes in the US economy.



中文翻译:

大规模移民时代美国移民的二次移民与地域同化

我研究了欧洲移民在美国境内二次移民的比率、选择和分类,以及他们在大规模移民时代的地理同化。这些现象被认为是移民经济学的重要组成部分,但数据限制限制了在此背景下对它们的先前研究。作为移民分配辩论的一部分,它们也是 20 世纪更广泛的移民政策辩论中的主要问题,这一辩论受到广泛持有的观点的影响,即 20 世纪初的移民在地理上的流动性较小,特别是与当地人和早期移民相比,他们更依赖城市地区。我发现,在整个大规模移民时代,移民在跨县迁移的可能性至少与本地人一样,对城市地区的依恋程度更高,更有可能搬到城市目的地,并且与本地人一样,他们对城市地区的依恋程度超过时间。尽管移民具有流动性,但随着时间的推移,移民在居住地分布上相对于当地人的同化程度相对较低,尽管他们在城市化方面确实经历了更多地与当地人趋同。

更新日期:2022-04-06
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