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The effects of periodically stagnant soil water conditions on biomass and methane yields of Silphium perfoliatum
Biomass & Bioenergy ( IF 6 ) Pub Date : 2022-04-05 , DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2022.106438
Thorsten Ruf , Christoph Emmerling

Resulting from the wide range of usages of bio-methane, anaerobic digestion has become a major issue. Beside biogenic residues, the cultivation of energy crops has significantly been expanded in Europe. Due to the increasing competition for land, sites with a low value for food production are predestined for cultivating feedstocks. Numerous studies have shown that perennial energy crops (PECs) present a valuable alternative to annual energy crops since they combine sound energy yields with substantial ecological advantages. Particularly under unprivileged sites conditions, PECs may fully leverage their strengths. Soils showing long lasting periods of soil moisture above field capacity (Stagnosols) were evaluated to be critical for silage maize cultivation as heavy harvest machinery may cause severe soil damages. Additionally, juvenile development of maize suffers from stagnant soil water.

This study aimed to verify the results of a former pot experiment in which cup plant (Silphium perfoliatum) showed early sprouting, fast biomass development and higher yields under a soil water regime typical for Stagnosols. Thus, in the presented field experiment, silage maize and cup plant, were cultivated on well-drained soils (Cambisols) and on Stagnosols, and were compared concerning biomass and energy yields.

On Stagnosols, the cup plant benefited likely from the higher soil water availability and produced average biomass yields of 14.3 t ha−1 a−1 being about 40% higher than on well-drained soils. The biochemical methane potential was 305 LN kg−1 VS and not affected by the soil type. Nonetheless, the methane yields per area of cup plant were still 35% lower than those of silage maize.



中文翻译:

周期性停滞的土壤水分条件对横叶鲟生物量和甲烷产量的影响

由于生物甲烷的广泛使用,厌氧消化已成为一个主要问题。除了生物残留物,能源作物的种植在欧洲也得到了显着扩大。由于对土地的竞争日益激烈,粮食生产价值低的地方注定要种植原料。大量研究表明,多年生能源作物 (PEC) 是一年生能源作物的一种有价值的替代品,因为它们结合了良好的能源产量和巨大的生态优势。特别是在非特权站点条件下,PEC 可以充分发挥其优势。土壤湿度长期超过田间容量(Stagnosols)的土壤被评估为对青贮玉米种植至关重要,因为重型收割机械可能会导致严重的土壤破坏。此外,

本研究旨在验证前盆栽试验的结果,其中杯状植物 ( Silphium perfoliatum ) 在典型的 Stagnosols 土壤水分状况下表现出早期发芽、快速的生物量发展和更高的产量。因此,在所提出的田间试验中,青贮玉米和杯形植物在排水良好的土壤(Cambisols)和 Stagnosols 上种植,并在生物量和能量产量方面进行了比较。

在 Stagnosols 上,杯状植物可能受益于更高的土壤水分可用性,并产生了 14.3 t ha -1 a -1的平均生物量产量,比排水良好的土壤高出约 40%。生化甲烷势为 305 L N kg -1 VS,不受土壤类型的影响。尽管如此,杯形植物的单位面积甲烷产量仍比青贮玉米低 35%。

更新日期:2022-04-05
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