Childhood maltreatment (CM) is linked to impairments in various domains of social functioning. Here, we argue that it is critical to identify factors that underlie impaired social functioning as well as processes that mediate the beneficial health effects of positive relationships in individuals exposed to CM. Key research recommendations are presented, focusing on: (1) identifying attachment-related alterations in specific inter- and intrapersonal processes (e.g., regulation of closeness and distance) that underlie problems in broader domains of social functioning (e.g., lack of perceived social support) in individuals affected by CM; (2) identifying internal (e.g., current emotional state) and external situational factors (e.g., cultural factors, presence of close others) that modulate alterations in specific social processes; and (3) identifying mechanisms that explain the positive health effects of intact social functioning. Methodological recommendations include: (1) assessing social processes through interactive and (close to) real-life assessments inside and outside the laboratory; (2) adopting an interdisciplinary, lifespan perspective to assess social processes, using multi-method assessments; (3) establishing global research collaborations to account for cultural influences on social processes and enable replications across laboratories and countries. The proposed line of research will contribute to globally develop and refine interventions that prevent CM and further positive relationships, which – likely through buffering the effects of chronic stress and corresponding allostatic load – foster resilience and improve mental and physical health, thereby reducing personal suffering and the societal and economic costs of CM and its consequences. Interventions targeting euthymia and psychological well-being are promising therapeutic concepts in this context.
Psychother Psychosom

中文翻译：

---

受童年虐待影响的个体的社会功能：制定研究议程以告知干预措施

儿童期虐待（CM）与社会功能各个领域的损伤有关。在这里，我们认为，确定社会功能受损的因素以及调节接触 CM 的积极关系对健康有益的过程至关重要。提出了关键的研究建议，重点关注：（1）识别特定的人际和内部过程（例如，亲密和距离的调节）中与依恋相关的改变，这些改变是更广泛的社会功能领域问题（例如，缺乏感知的社会支持）的基础。 ) 受 CM 影响的个体；（2）识别调节特定社会过程变化的内部（例如，当前情绪状态）和外部情境因素（例如，文化因素、亲密他人的存在）；(3) 确定解释完整社会功能对健康的积极影响的机制。方法论建议包括：（1）通过实验室内外的互动和（接近）现实生活评估来评估社会过程；（2）采用跨学科、生命周期的视角来评估社会过程，采用多种评估方法；(3) 建立全球研究合作，以解释文化对社会进程的影响，并实现跨实验室和国家的复制。拟议的研究方向将有助于在全球范围内制定和完善预防 CM 和进一步积极关系的干预措施，这可能通过缓冲慢性压力和相应的非稳态负荷的影响来增强复原力并改善身心健康，从而减少个人痛苦和CM 的社会和经济成本及其后果。在这种情况下，针对情绪正常和心理健康的干预措施是有前途的治疗概念。
心理医生