Ships docking and traveling in a branched lower approach channel system are at risk from surges caused by multi-lane locks during emptying operations. For this reason, water-level variations in the lower approach channel in response to discharge, interval running time, and outlet location of lock operations were studied using a 2-D hydrodynamic model validated by physical model tests, and the impact of water level variation on navigation safety under extreme operation scenarios of a quadruple-lane lock group was identified. Results indicated that discharge and interval running time of lock emptying had the greatest impact on the water level variation at the lock head. Water level variation at the lower lock head of the ship lift exhibited a trend of first decreasing and then increasing with the increment of the discharge from the lock chamber into the outer river. Specifically, the surge height at the lock head of the ship lift reached the minimum when approximately 40% of the discharge generated by dual-lane locks during emptying operations was released into the outer river. Overall, the simultaneous operation of quadruple-lane lock group and unit load rejection should be avoided in engineering applications.

在分叉的下引航道系统中停靠和行驶的船舶在清空操作期间面临由多车道锁定引起的浪涌风险。出于这个原因，使用通过物理模型试验验证的二维水动力模型研究了下引航道的水位变化，以响应泄流、间歇运行时间和闸门操作的出口位置，以及水位变化的影响。确定了四车道船闸组极端运行场景下的航行安全问题。结果表明，泄闸时间和排闸时间对闸头水位变化影响最大。升船机下闸头处水位变化随闸室排入外江流量的增加呈先下降后上升的趋势。具体而言，当双车道船闸在排空作业期间产生的约 40% 的排放量被释放到外江时，升船机闸头处的浪涌高度达到最低值。总体而言，工程应用中应避免四车道锁组和机组甩负荷同时运行。