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Improving soil fertility with lime and phosphogypsum enhances soybean yield and physiological characteristics
Agronomy for Sustainable Development ( IF 7.3 ) Pub Date : 2022-04-04 , DOI: 10.1007/s13593-022-00765-9
João William Bossolani , Carlos Alexandre Costa Crusciol , Luiz Gustavo Moretti , Ariani Garcia , José Roberto Portugal , Leila Bernart , Rafael Gonçalves Vilela , Eduardo Fávero Caires , Telmo Jorge Carneiro Amado , Juliano Carlos Calonego , André Rodrigues dos Reis

In tropical no-till systems, applying lime (L) and phosphogypsum (PG) on the soil surface may be a potential strategy for reducing soil acidification and improving soybean root growth, thereby enhancing plant nutrition and physiological responses and, in turn, crop resistance to dry spells. This study evaluated the impact of long-term (17 years) surface soil amendment on soil fertility and soybean root development, nutrition, gas exchange, carbon and antioxidant enzyme activity, and grain yield in a tropical region subject to dry spells. The treatments consisted of the following long-term soil amendments: control (no soil amendment); L alone; PG alone; and L + PG (LPG). Liming, especially when combined with PG, improved soil fertility, as evidenced by increases in pH and P, Ca2+, and Mg2+ levels throughout the soil profile, but reduced Al3+ and micronutrients (Fe, Mn, Cu, and Zn). The improvements in soil fertility were associated with increased root development throughout the profile. Long-term application of LPG reduced the negative impacts of dry spells on pigment concentrations, gas exchange, Rubisco and sucrose synthase activities and antioxidant metabolism, and increased soybean grain yield. Our results reveal that long-term application of LPG is an important approach for increasing the vertical movement of cationic bases and roots in no-till systems to improve soybean nutrition. Long-term amendment with LPG enhanced both carbon and antioxidant metabolism in soybean plants, resulting in higher soybean grain yield, despite the predisposition of this tropical region to dry spells.



中文翻译:

用石灰和磷石膏提高土壤肥力可提高大豆产量和生理特性

在热带免耕系统中,在土壤表面施用石灰 (L) 和磷石膏 (PG) 可能是减少土壤酸化和改善大豆根系生长的潜在策略,从而增强植物营养和生理反应,进而提高作物抗性干燥咒语。本研究评估了长期(17 年)表层土壤改良对干旱期热带地区土壤肥力和大豆根系发育、营养、气体交换、碳和抗氧化酶活性以及谷物产量的影响。处理包括以下长期土壤改良剂:对照(无土壤改良剂);L 单独; 单独的PG;和 L + PG(液化石油气)。石灰,尤其是与 PG 结合使用时,可以提高土壤肥力,这可以通过增加 pH 值和 P、Ca 2+和 Mg 2+来证明水平,但减少了 Al 3+和微量营养素(Fe、Mn、Cu 和 Zn)。土壤肥力的提高与整个剖面的根系发育增加有关。LPG 的长期应用减少了干旱期对色素浓度、气体交换、Rubisco 和蔗糖合酶活性和抗氧化代谢的负面影响,并增加了大豆籽粒产量。我们的研究结果表明,LPG 的长期应用是增加免耕系统中阳离子碱基和根系的垂直运动以改善大豆营养的重要途径。长期使用 LPG 进行改良可增强大豆植物的碳代谢和抗氧化代谢,从而提高大豆籽粒产量,尽管该热带地区容易发生干旱。

更新日期:2022-04-04
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