ABSTRACT

This study evaluated the Personality Assessment Inventory’s (PAI) symptom validity-based over-reporting scales with concurrently administered performance validity testing in a sample of active-duty military personnel seen within a neuropsychology clinic. We utilize two measures of performance validity to identify problematic performance validity (pass all/fail any) in 468 participants. Scale means, sensitivity, specificity, predictive value, and risk ratios were contrasted across symptom validity-based over-reporting scales. Results indicate that the Negative Impression Management (NIM), Malingering Index (MAL), and Multiscale Feigning Index (MFI) scales are the best at classifying failed performance validity testing with medium to large effects (d = .61–.73). In general, these scales demonstrated high specificity and low sensitivity. Roger’s Discriminant Function (RDF) had negligible group differences and poor classification. The Feigned Adult ADHD index (FAA) performed inconsistently. This study provides support for the use of several PAI over-reporting scales at detecting probable patterns of performance-based invalid responses within a military sample. Military clinicians using NIM, MAL, or MFI are confident that those who elevate these scales at recommended cut scores are likely to fail concurrent performance validity testing. Use of the Feigned Adult FAA and RDF scales is discouraged due to their poor or mixed performance.

摘要

本研究在神经心理学诊所内看到的现役军人样本中评估了基于人格评估量表 (PAI) 症状效度的过度报告量表和同时进行的绩效效度测试。我们利用两种表现效度测量方法来识别 468 名参与者的有问题的表现效度（全部通过/未通过）。在基于症状有效性的过度报告量表中对比量表平均值、敏感性、特异性、预测值和风险比。结果表明，负面印象管理 (NIM)、伪装指数 (MAL) 和多尺度假装指数 (MFI) 量表在对具有中到大影响的失败绩效有效性测试进行分类方面是最好的 ( d= .61–.73)。一般来说，这些量表表现出高特异性和低灵敏度。Roger 的判别函数 (RDF) 的组间差异可忽略不计且分类较差。假装成人 ADHD 指数 (FAA) 表现不一致。这项研究支持使用几个 PAI 过度报告量表来检测军事样本中基于绩效的无效响应的可能模式。使用 NIM、MAL 或 MFI 的军事临床医生确信，那些将这些量表提升到推荐的分数的人很可能无法同时进行性能效度测试。不鼓励使用 Feigned Adult FAA 和 RDF 量表，因为它们的性能很差或混杂。