Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are anthropogenic substances that are very stable in the receiving environment. Legacy perfluoroalkane sulfonates (PFSAs) and perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs) are especially persistent and resistant to typical environmental degradation processes and therefore are distributed across all trophic levels and environmental compartments (soil, air, water). Since most uses of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), and LC-long-chain PFCAs are banned in Canada, alternative PFASs have been in use for a number of years. Twenty-nine sites across Canada were sampled for PFASs to determine concentrations and trends. Overall, 13 PFASs were measured in 566 Canadian freshwater samples from 2013 to 2020 with a range from below the detection limit (LOD range: 0.4–1.6 ng/L) of the laboratory to a maximum of 138 ng/L (for PFBS). While PFOS and PFOA concentrations are declining significantly over time, other compounds such as PFPeA and PFBA have increased significantly over 2013–2020. Overall, the range of concentrations found in this study was similar to that of other Canadian and international studies. However, this study also found a higher frequency of detections of the replacement PFASs than that of the other, older, Canadian studies.

全氟和多氟烷基物质 (PFAS) 是人为物质，在接收环境中非常稳定。传统的全氟烷烃磺酸盐 (PFSA) 和全氟烷基羧酸 (PFCA) 特别具有持久性，并且能够抵抗典型的环境退化过程，因此分布在所有营养级和环境区室（土壤、空气、水）中。由于加拿大禁止使用全氟辛烷磺酸 (PFOS)、全氟辛酸 (PFOA) 和 LC 长链 PFCA，因此替代 PFAS 已使用多年。对加拿大 29 个地点进行了 PFAS 采样，以确定浓度和趋势。总体而言，从 2013 年到 2020 年，在 566 个加拿大淡水样本中测量了 13 种 PFAS，范围低于检测限（LOD 范围：0.4-1.0）。6 ng/L) 至最高 138 ng/L (对于 PFBS)。虽然 PFOS 和 PFOA 浓度随着时间的推移而显着下降，但 PFPeA 和 PFBA 等其他化合物在 2013-2020 年期间显着增加。总体而言，本研究中发现的浓度范围与其他加拿大和国际研究的浓度范围相似。然而，这项研究还发现替代 PFAS 的检测频率高于其他较早的加拿大研究。