This study aimed to investigate the effects of different exercise training programs on fasting plasma levels of oxylipins, endocannabinoids (eCBs), and eCBs-like molecules in middle-aged sedentary adults. A 12-week randomized controlled trial was conducted using a parallel group design. Sixty-five middle-aged adults (40–65 years old) were randomly assigned to: (a) no exercise (control group), (b) concurrent training based on international physical activity recommendations (PAR group), (c) high-intensity interval training (HIIT group), and (d) HIIT together with whole-body electromyostimulation (HIIT + EMS group). Plasma levels of oxylipins, eCBs, and eCBs-like molecules were determined in plasma samples before and after the intervention using targeted lipidomics. Body composition was assessed through dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and dietary intake through a food frequency questionnaire and three nonconsecutive 24-hr recalls. The physical activity recommendations, HIIT, and HIIT-EMS groups showed decreased plasma levels of omega-6 and omega-3-derived oxylipins, and eCBs and eCBs-like molecules after 12 weeks (all Δ ≤ −0.12; all p < .05). Importantly, after Bonferroni post hoc corrections, the differences in plasma levels of omega-6 and omega-3 oxylipins were not statistically significant compared with the control group (all p > .05). However, after post hoc corrections, plasma levels of anandamide and oleoylethanolamide were increased in the physical activity recommendations group compared with the control group (anandamide: Δ = 0.05 vs. −0.09; oleoylethanolamide: Δ = −0.12 vs. 0.013, all p ≤ .049). In conclusion, this study reports that a 12-week exercise training intervention, independent of the modality applied, does not modify fasting plasma levels of omega-6 and omega-3 oxylipins, eCBs, and eCBs-like molecules in middle-aged sedentary adults.

本研究旨在调查不同运动训练计划对久坐不动的中年成年人空腹血浆中氧脂、内源性大麻素 (eCBs) 和 eCBs 样分子水平的影响。使用平行组设计进行了一项为期 12 周的随机对照试验。65 名中年人（40-65 岁）被随机分配到：（a）不运动（对照组），（b）基于国际体育活动建议的同时训练（PAR 组），（c）高强度强度间歇训练（HIIT 组）和（d）HIIT 与全身肌电刺激（HIIT + EMS 组）。使用靶向脂质组学在干预前后的血浆样本中测定血浆中的oxylipins、eCBs 和 eCBs 样分子的水平。通过双能 X 射线吸收测定法评估身体成分，通过食物频率问卷和三个非连续的 24 小时召回来进行饮食摄入。体力活动建议组、HIIT 组和 HIIT-EMS 组显示 12 周后 omega-6 和 omega-3 衍生的氧化脂以及 eCB 和 eCB 样分子的血浆水平降低（所有 Δ ≤ -0.12；所有p  < .05)。重要的是，在 Bonferroni 事后校正后，与对照组相比，血浆 omega-6 和 omega-3 氧化脂水平的差异没有统计学意义（所有p  > .05）。然而，经过事后校正后，与对照组相比，体育活动建议组中 anandamide 和油酰乙醇酰胺的血浆水平有所增加（anandamide：Δ = 0.05 vs. -0.09；油酰乙醇酰胺：Δ = -0.12 vs. 0.013，所有p  ≤ .049)。总之，这项研究报告说，独立于所应用的方式的 12 周运动训练干预不会改变中年久坐的成年人的空腹血浆 omega-6 和 omega-3 氧化脂、eCB 和 eCB 样分子的水平.