Status and affection are both goals related to social needs. The imbalanced needs theory of aggression proposes that although aggression can be used to realize status, this strategy is detrimental for realizing affection in the same social context. Thus, to the degree that the social circles overlap in which status and affection needs are realized, it becomes more costly (in terms of affection) to achieve status via aggression. This theory was tested for different forms of aggression, in different contexts, in a sample of adults from the general population (N = 253, M age = 29.95, SD = 2.60, 78% female). Participants reported on social needs with the Interpersonal Goals Inventory and reported on general measures of physical and social aggression, as well as rule breaking, and aggression at the workplace and in intimate partner relationships. As hypothesized, status needs were associated with physical aggression when affection needs were weak. This interaction, though to a lesser degree, also extended to social forms of aggression and rule breaking. At the workplace, aggression was only related to weak affection needs, whereas aggression in intimate partner relationships was, as expected, unrelated to both social needs. Together, these findings support the results of an earlier test of the imbalanced needs theory of aggression in adolescence, and encourage more research into the link between aggression and the satisfaction of social needs.

中文翻译：

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地位与情感需求之间的相互作用：检验成年期侵略的不平衡需求理论

地位和感情都是与社会需求相关的目标。攻击的不平衡需求理论提出，虽然攻击可以用来实现地位，但这种策略不利于在相同的社会情境中实现情感。因此，在实现地位和情感需求的社交圈重叠的程度上，通过侵略获得地位的成本（就情感而言）变得更高。这个理论在不同的情况下，在普通人群的成年人样本中针对不同形式的攻击进行了测试（N= 253，M 年龄 = 29.95，SD = 2.60，78% 为女性）。参与者通过人际目标清单报告了社会需求，并报告了身体和社会攻击的一般措施，以及工作场所和亲密伴侣关系中的违规行为和攻击行为。正如假设的那样，当情感需求较弱时，地位需求与身体攻击有关。这种互动虽然程度较低，但也扩展到侵略和打破规则的社会形式。在工作场所，攻击性只与微弱的情感需求有关，而亲密伴侣关系中的攻击性正如预期的那样与两种社会需求都无关。总之，这些发现支持了早期对侵略的不平衡需求理论的测试结果在青春期，并鼓励更多地研究侵略与满足社会需求之间的联系。