OBJECTIVES Childhood trauma increases the risk of developing mental illness as does being born to parents with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. We aimed to compare prevalence of lifetime childhood trauma among 11-year-old children at familial high risk of schizophrenia (FHR-SZ) or bipolar disorder (FHR-BP) compared with population-based controls (PBCs). DESIGN The study is a longitudinal, prospective cohort study of children at FHR-SZ, FHR-BP, and PBCs. METHODS A cohort of 512 children at FHR-SZ (N = 199), FHR-BP (N = 118), and PBCs (N = 195) were examined at baseline (mean age 7.8, SD 0.2) and 451 children at FHR-SZ (N = 172), FHR-BP (N = 104), and PBCs (N = 175) were examined at four-year follow-up (mean age 11.9, SD 0.2, retention rate 87.3%). Childhood trauma was measured with a semi-structured interview. RESULTS Children at FHR-BP had an elevated risk of exposure to any lifetime trauma (age 0-11 years) compared with PBCs (OR 2.082, 95%CI 1.223-3.545, p = .007) measured with binary logistic regression. One-way ANOVA revealed that both FHR-groups had a higher lifetime prevalence of exposure to a greater number of types of trauma compared with PBCs (FHR-SZ: observed mean: 1.53, 95%CI 1.29-1.77; FHR-BP: observed mean: 1.56, 95%CI 1.26-1.85; PBCs: observed mean: 0.99, 95%CI 0.82-1.17; p < .001). Binary logistic regression showed that the lifetime risk of exposure to interpersonal trauma (age 0-11 years) was elevated for both FHR-groups (FHR-SZ: OR 3.773, 95%CI 2.122-6.710, p < .001; FHR-BP: OR 3.602, 95%CI 1.913-6.783, p < .001). CONCLUSIONS Children at FHR-SZ and FHR-BP are at increased risk for being exposed to childhood trauma compared with PBCs. This study underscores the need for early detection, support, and prevention of childhood trauma in children at FHR-SZ and FHR-BP.

中文翻译：

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精神分裂症或双相情感障碍家族性高风险儿童的童年创伤：一项纵向研究。丹麦高风险和复原力研究 - VIA 7 和 VIA 11。

目标 童年创伤会增加患精神疾病的风险，就像父母患有精神分裂症或双相情感障碍一样。我们旨在比较精神分裂症 (FHR-SZ) 或双相情感障碍 (FHR-BP) 家族性高风险 (FHR-SZ) 或双相情感障碍 (FHR-BP) 的 11 岁儿童与基于人群的对照组 (PBC) 的终生童年创伤患病率。设计 本研究是一项针对 FHR-SZ、FHR-BP 和 PBCs 的儿童的纵向、前瞻性队列研究。方法 在基线（平均年龄 7.8，SD 0.2）和 FHR-SZ（平均年龄 7.8，SD 0.2）检查了 512 名 FHR-SZ（N = 199）、FHR-BP（N = 118）和 PBC（N = 195）儿童和 451 名 FHR- SZ (N = 172)、FHR-BP (N = 104) 和 PBC (N = 175) 在 4 年的随访中进行了检查（平均年龄 11.9，SD 0.2，保留率 87.3%）。童年创伤是通过半结构化访谈来衡量的。结果 与使用二元逻辑回归测量的 PBC 相比，FHR-BP 的儿童暴露于任何终生创伤（0-11 岁）的风险更高（OR 2.082，95%CI 1.223-3.545，p = .007）。单因素方差分析显示，与 PBC 相比，两个 FHR 组的终生暴露于更多类型的创伤的患病率更高（FHR-SZ：观察到的平均值：1.53，95%CI 1.29-1.77；FHR-BP：观察到平均值：1.56，95%CI 1.26-1.85；PBC：观察到的平均值：0.99，95%CI 0.82-1.17；p < .001)。二元逻辑回归显示，两个 FHR 组（0-11 岁）暴露于人际创伤的终生风险均升高（FHR-SZ：OR 3.773，95%CI 2.122-6.710，p < .001；FHR-BP : OR 3.602, 95%CI 1.913-6.783, p < .001)。结论 与 PBC 相比，FHR-SZ 和 FHR-BP 的儿童遭受儿童创伤的风险增加。本研究强调了在 FHR-SZ 和 FHR-BP 中早期发现、支持和预防儿童创伤的必要性。