Moringa oleifera leaves (MOL) attract extensive attention in agriculture, pharmaceutical and food industry because of its rich biological activity. In this study, ChCl/LA as one of the deep eutectic solvents (DESs) was selected to extract flavonoids from Moringa oleifera leaves (FMOL). The extraction rate of FMOL reached 54.8 mg/g. After separation of FMOL, its biological activities were systematically studied. The IC50 values of FMOL for DPPH radical, ABTS radical scavenging activity, FRAP and ORAC were 27.3 μg/mL, 41.2 μg/mL, 18.7 mg TE/g and 6008.4 mg TE/g, respectively, indicating FMOL had excellent antioxidant activity. FMOL not only had better antibacterial activity than the positive controls, but also had inhibitory activity to tumor cells. The IC50 values of FMOL on B16 cells, HCT116 cells and Hep G-2 cells were 530.7, 328.0, and 533.7 μg/mL, respectively. Nine flavonoid compounds were identified by UPLC-Q-Orbitrap MS/MS, and four of them were confirmed from MOL for the first time. Therefore, FMOL extracted by ChCl/LA had rich bioactive components and is expected to be used in food and pharmaceutical industries.

辣木叶( MO L)因其丰富的生物活性而在农业、医药和食品工业中受到广泛关注。在本研究中，选择 ChCl/LA 作为一种深共熔溶剂 (DESs) 从辣木叶 (F MO L) 中提取黄酮类化合物。F MO L的提取率达到54.8 mg/g。F MO L 分离后，对其生物活性进行了系统研究。F MO L 对 DPPH 自由基、ABTS 自由基清除活性、FRAP 和 ORAC的 IC50 值分别为 27.3 μg/mL、41.2 μg/mL、18.7 mg TE/g 和 6008.4 mg TE/g，表明 F MO L 具有优良的抗氧化活性。莫_L不仅比阳性对照有更好的抗菌活性，而且对肿瘤细胞也有抑制活性。F MO L对B16细胞、HCT116细胞和Hep G-2细胞的IC50值分别为530.7、328.0和533.7 μg/mL。UPLC-Q-Orbitrap MS/MS鉴定出9种黄酮类化合物，其中4种是首次从MO L得到确认。因此，ChCl/LA提取的F MO L具有丰富的生物活性成分，有望用于食品和医药行业。