Agroforestry Systems ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-11-18 , DOI: 10.1007/s10457-021-00711-w Marisela Aparicio-Lechuga , Alejandro Lara-Bueno , Dante Arturo Rodríguez-Trejo , Miguel Uribe-Gómez , Guadalupe Montserrat Valencia-Trejo , Rufino López-Ordaz
The natural regeneration of temperate forests is frequently depleted by anthropogenic practices such as overgrazing, excessive logging, and forest fires. In Mexico, biodiversity conservation is an important objective, although many small farmers who depend on native forest vegetation for extensive grazing to raise their herds. The objective of this work was to characterize the vegetation of the A. hickelii understory in Pico de Orizaba National Park and to evaluate the impact of sheep grazing on the regeneration and survival of A. hickelii seedlings on a temperate forest. Two experimental sites were established, one was used for natural regeneration and the other for transplanting of A. hickelii. Each site was divided into six paddocks, three for sheep grazing (a flock of nine lambs on rotational grazing for 134 days) and three ungrazed paddocks. Three cycles of grazing were carried out and in each of them the florist composition, the vegetation cover, the height of the seedlings, the number of terminal buds nibbled by the sheep, the number of dead trees and the body weight of the animals were measured. The impact of grazing on vegetation cover was significant (P < 0.05) in both sampling sites, going from 80 to 30% in the natural regeneration and transplanting of A. hickelii seedlings, respectively. There was a decrease in the number of herbaceous species present because of grazing in both experimental sites. However, the survival of A. hickelii seedlings was higher than 80% in both sampling sites and the dead trees did not show any physical damage due to the presence of the sheep herd. The lambs had daily weight gains of 63 g animal−1 d−1. In conclusion, the negative effects of sheep grazing on A. hickelii seedlings are low; therefore, it is feasible to promote silvopastoral systems with sheep in the temperate forests of A. hickelii.
中文翻译:
林牧与绵羊对Abies hickelii (Flous and Gaussen) 再生和生存的影响
温带森林的自然再生经常因过度放牧、过度采伐和森林火灾等人为行为而枯竭。在墨西哥,生物多样性保护是一个重要目标,尽管许多小农依靠原生森林植被广泛放牧来饲养牲畜。这项工作的目的是描述Pico de Orizaba 国家公园A. hickelii林下植被的特征,并评估绵羊放牧对温带森林A. hickelii幼苗再生和生存的影响。建立了两个试验点,一个用于自然再生,另一个用于移植A. hickelii. 每个地点分为六个围场,三个放牧羊群(9 只羔羊轮流放牧 134 天)和三个未放牧的围场。进行了三个放牧周期,并在每个周期中测量了花店组成、植被覆盖度、幼苗高度、被绵羊啃食的顶芽数量、死树数量和动物体重. 放牧对植被覆盖的影响在两个采样点均显着(P < 0.05),在A. hickelii幼苗 的自然更新和移栽中分别从80% 增加到30% 。由于在两个实验地点放牧,存在的草本物种数量有所减少。然而,A. hickelii的生存两个采样点的幼苗率均高于 80%,并且由于羊群的存在,死树没有表现出任何物理损害。羔羊每天体重增加 63 g 动物-1 d -1。综上所述,放牧绵羊对A. hickelii幼苗的负面影响较小;因此,在绵羊温带林地推广林牧系统是可行的。