The spread of antimicrobial resistance in Gram-positive pathogens represents a threat to human health. To counteract the current lack of novel antibiotics, alternative antibacterial treatments have been increasingly investigated. This review covers the last decade’s developments in using nanoparticles as carriers for the two classes of frontline antibiotics active on multidrug-resistant Gram-positive pathogens, i.e., glycopeptide antibiotics and daptomycin. Most of the reviewed papers deal with vancomycin nanoformulations, being teicoplanin- and daptomycin-carrying nanosystems much less investigated. Special attention is addressed to nanoantibiotics used for contrasting biofilm-associated infections. The status of the art related to nanoantibiotic toxicity is critically reviewed.

革兰氏阳性病原体中抗菌素耐药性的传播对人类健康构成威胁。为了抵消目前缺乏新型抗生素的问题，越来越多地研究了替代性抗菌治疗。这篇综述涵盖了过去十年在使用纳米颗粒作为对多药耐药革兰氏阳性病原体具有活性的两类一线抗生素（即糖肽抗生素和达托霉素）载体方面的发展。大多数审查过的论文都涉及万古霉素纳米制剂，对携​​带替考拉宁和达托霉素的纳米系统的研究较少。特别关注用于对比生物膜相关感染的纳米抗生素。对与纳米抗生素毒性相关的技术现状进行了严格审查。