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Effect of Tranexamic Acid Administration on Remote Cerebral Ischemic Lesions in Acute Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Substudy of a Randomized Clinical Trial.
JAMA neurology Pub Date : 2022-05-01 , DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2022.0217
Stefan Pszczolkowski 1, 2, 3 , Nikola Sprigg 3, 4 , Lisa J Woodhouse 3 , Rebecca Gallagher 5 , David Swienton 5 , Zhe Kang Law 3, 6 , Ana M Casado 7 , Ian Roberts 8 , David J Werring 9 , Rustam Al-Shahi Salman 7 , Timothy J England 3, 10 , Paul S Morgan 1, 11, 12 , Philip M Bath 3, 4 , Robert A Dineen 1, 2, 12
Affiliation  

Importance Hyperintense foci on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) that are spatially remote from the acute hematoma occur in 20% of people with acute spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Tranexamic acid, a hemostatic agent that is under investigation for treating acute ICH, might increase DWI hyperintense lesions (DWIHLs). Objective To establish whether tranexamic acid compared with placebo increased the prevalence or number of remote cerebral DWIHLs within 2 weeks of ICH onset. Design, Setting, and Participants This prospective nested magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) substudy of a randomized clinical trial (RCT) recruited participants from the multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 RCT (Tranexamic Acid for Hyperacute Primary Intracerebral Hemorrhage [TICH-2]) from July 1, 2015, to September 30, 2017, and conducted follow-up to 90 days after participants were randomized to either the tranexamic acid or placebo group. Participants had acute spontaneous ICH and included TICH-2 participants who provided consent to undergo additional MRI scans for the MRI substudy and those who had clinical MRI data that were compatible with the brain MRI protocol of the substudy. Data analyses were performed on an intention-to-treat basis on January 20, 2020. Interventions The tranexamic acid group received 1 g in 100-mL intravenous bolus loading dose, followed by 1 g in 250-mL infusion within 8 hours of ICH onset. The placebo group received 0.9% saline within 8 hours of ICH onset. Brain MRI scans, including DWI, were performed within 2 weeks. Main Outcomes and Measures Prevalence and number of remote DWIHLs were compared between the treatment groups using binary logistic regression adjusted for baseline covariates. Results A total of 219 participants (mean [SD] age, 65.1 [13.8] years; 126 men [57.5%]) who had brain MRI data were included. Of these participants, 96 (43.8%) were randomized to receive tranexamic acid and 123 (56.2%) were randomized to receive placebo. No baseline differences in demographic characteristics and clinical or imaging features were found between the groups. There was no increase for the tranexamic acid group compared with the placebo group in DWIHL prevalence (20 of 96 [20.8%] vs 28 of 123 [22.8%]; odds ratio [OR], 0.71; 95% CI, 0.33-1.53; P = .39) or mean (SD) number of DWIHLs (1.75 [1.45] vs 1.81 [1.71]; mean difference [MD], -0.08; 95% CI, -0.36 to 0.20; P = .59). In an exploratory analysis, participants who were randomized within 3 hours of ICH onset or those with chronic infarcts appeared less likely to have DWIHLs if they received tranexamic acid. Participants with probable cerebral amyloid angiopathy appeared more likely to have DWIHLs if they received tranexamic acid. Conclusions and Relevance This substudy of an RCT found no evidence of increased prevalence or number of remote DWIHLs after tranexamic acid treatment in acute ICH. These findings provide reassurance for ongoing and future trials that tranexamic acid for acute ICH is unlikely to induce cerebral ischemic events. Trial Registration isrctn.org Identifier: ISRCTN93732214.

中文翻译:

氨甲环酸给药对急性自发性脑出血远端脑缺血损伤的影响:一项随机临床试验的子研究。

重要性 在 20% 的急性自发性脑出血 (ICH) 患者中,弥散加权成像 (DWI) 上的高信号灶在空间上远离急性血肿。氨甲环酸是一种正在研究用于治疗急性 ICH 的止血剂,它可能会增加 DWI 高信号病变 (DWIHL)。目的 确定与安慰剂相比,氨甲环酸是否会增加 ICH 发作 2 周内远距离脑 DWIHL 的患病率或数量。设TICH-2])从2015年7月1日到2017年9月30日,并在参与者被随机分配到氨甲环酸组或安慰剂组后进行长达 90 天的随访。参与者患有急性自发性脑出血,包括同意为 MRI 子研究进行额外 MRI 扫描的 TICH-2 参与者,以及那些具有与子研究的脑部 MRI 协议兼容的临床 MRI 数据的参与者。数据分析于 2020 年 1 月 20 日在意向性治疗的基础上进行。干预 氨甲环酸组接受 1 克 100 毫升静脉推注负荷剂量,随后在 ICH 发作后 8 小时内接受 1 克 250 毫升输注. 安慰剂组在 ICH 发作后 8 小时内接受 0.9% 的生理盐水。脑 MRI 扫描,包括 DWI,在 2 周内进行。主要结果和措施 使用针对基线协变量调整的二元逻辑回归比较治疗组之间的患病率和远程 DWIHL 的数量。结果 共有 219 名具有脑部 MRI 数据的参与者(平均 [SD] 年龄,65.1 [13.8] 岁;126 名男性 [57.5%])被纳入。在这些参与者中,96 人 (43.8%) 随机接受氨甲环酸治疗,123 人 (56.2%) 随机接受安慰剂治疗。各组之间未发现人口统计学特征和临床或影像学特征的基线差异。与安慰剂组相比,氨甲环酸组的 DWIHL 患病率没有增加(96 人中有 20 人 [20.8%] vs 123 人中有 28 人 [22.8%];比值比 [OR],0.71;95% CI,0.33-1.53​​; P = .39) 或 DWIHL 的平均数 (SD)(1.75 [1.45] 对 1.81 [1.71];平均差 [MD],-0.08;95% CI,-0.36 至 0.20;P = .59)。在一项探索性分析中,在 ICH 发作后 3 小时内被随机分配的参与者或患有慢性梗塞的参与者如果接受氨甲环酸治疗,则似乎不太可能患有 DWIHL。如果接受氨甲环酸,可能患有脑淀粉样血管病的参与者似乎更有可能患有 DWIHL。结论和相关性 这项随机对照试验的子研究没有发现急性 ICH 氨甲环酸治疗后远处 DWIHL 患病率或数量增加的证据。这些发现为正在进行的和未来的试验提供了保证,即氨甲环酸治疗急性 ICH 不太可能诱发脑缺血事件。试用注册 isrctn.org 标识符:ISRCTN93732214。在 ICH 发作后 3 小时内被随机分配的参与者或患有慢性梗塞的参与者如果接受氨甲环酸治疗,则出现 DWIHL 的可能性较小。如果接受氨甲环酸,可能患有脑淀粉样血管病的参与者似乎更有可能患有 DWIHL。结论和相关性 这项随机对照试验的子研究没有发现急性 ICH 氨甲环酸治疗后远处 DWIHL 患病率或数量增加的证据。这些发现为正在进行的和未来的试验提供了保证,即氨甲环酸治疗急性 ICH 不太可能诱发脑缺血事件。试用注册 isrctn.org 标识符:ISRCTN93732214。在 ICH 发作后 3 小时内被随机分配的参与者或患有慢性梗塞的参与者如果接受氨甲环酸治疗,则出现 DWIHL 的可能性较小。如果接受氨甲环酸,可能患有脑淀粉样血管病的参与者似乎更有可能患有 DWIHL。结论和相关性 这项随机对照试验的子研究没有发现急性 ICH 氨甲环酸治疗后远处 DWIHL 患病率或数量增加的证据。这些发现为正在进行的和未来的试验提供了保证,即氨甲环酸治疗急性 ICH 不太可能诱发脑缺血事件。试用注册 isrctn.org 标识符:ISRCTN93732214。结论和相关性 这项随机对照试验的子研究没有发现急性 ICH 氨甲环酸治疗后远处 DWIHL 患病率或数量增加的证据。这些发现为正在进行的和未来的试验提供了保证,即氨甲环酸治疗急性 ICH 不太可能诱发脑缺血事件。试用注册 isrctn.org 标识符:ISRCTN93732214。结论和相关性 这项随机对照试验的子研究没有发现急性 ICH 氨甲环酸治疗后远处 DWIHL 患病率或数量增加的证据。这些发现为正在进行的和未来的试验提供了保证,即氨甲环酸治疗急性 ICH 不太可能诱发脑缺血事件。试用注册 isrctn.org 标识符:ISRCTN93732214。
更新日期:2022-03-21
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