Bismuth ferrite (BiFeO₃, BFO) as one of the few single-phase room-temperature multiferroics, has aroused ever-increasing enthusiasm in research communities during the past two decades. The robust ferroelectricity, promising magnetoelectric coupling and remarkable optical behaviors of BFO all enrich its physical phenomena and functional properties. The microscopic ferroic domain structures in BFO determine both the static configurations and dynamic behaviors of order parameters, which is the fundamental basis for understanding and controlling of macroscopic properties. Here, we provide a comprehensive and up-to-date review of the intensive research advances of BFO, in the framework of domain engineering. We begin with an introduction to the rich domain structures of BFO and typical domain engineering strategies, such as chemical modification, electrostatic boundary control, strain engineering, substrate engineering, etc. Then, electrical properties (ferroelectricity, piezoelectricity and conduction), magnetoelectric couplings and optical effects (photovoltaic, photocatalytic, mechanical-optical, etc.) modulated by domain engineering in BFO are discussed in sequence. Remarkable electrical, magnetic and optical phenomena at the domain walls of BFO, which have been discovered and intensively explored recently, are also summarized. Finally, remaining challenges and perspectives are proposed for further domain engineering in BFO-based functional materials, devices and applications.

铋铁氧体（BiFeO ₃, BFO) 作为为数不多的单相室温多铁性材料之一，在过去的二十年里引起了研究界日益高涨的热情。BFO强大的铁电性、有前景的磁电耦合和显着的光学行为都丰富了其物理现象和功能特性。BFO中的微观铁畴结构决定了有序参数的静态构型和动态行为，这是理解和控制宏观性质的根本基础。在这里，我们在领域工程的框架内对 BFO 的深入研究进展进行了全面和最新的回顾。我们首先介绍 BFO 的丰富域结构和典型的域工程策略，例如化学修饰、静电边界控制、应变工程、衬底工程等。然后，在 BFO 中讨论了通过域工程调制的电特性（铁电性、压电性和传导性）、磁电耦合和光学效应（光伏、光催化、机械光学等）。顺序。还总结了最近发现和深入探索的 BFO 畴壁上显着的电、磁和光学现象。最后，针对基于 BFO 的功能材料、器件和应用的进一步领域工程提出了剩余的挑战和前景。BFO中域工程调制的机械光学等）依次讨论。还总结了最近发现和深入探索的 BFO 畴壁上显着的电、磁和光学现象。最后，针对基于 BFO 的功能材料、器件和应用的进一步领域工程提出了剩余的挑战和前景。BFO中域工程调制的机械光学等）依次讨论。还总结了最近发现和深入探索的 BFO 畴壁上显着的电、磁和光学现象。最后，针对基于 BFO 的功能材料、器件和应用的进一步领域工程提出了剩余的挑战和前景。