The rapid development of wireless communications especially with the coming of 5G, and artificial intelligence (AI) provides us a wonderful and intelligent life. Nevertheless, it is at the expense of a substantial increase in electromagnetic (EM) inference and pollution. EM absorbing materials that can dissipate the incident EM waves are of crucial importance in solving EM pollution and thus have received significant attention. This article provides a comprehensive review of the current status and new frontiers on EM absorption materials. It begins with the fundamentals of EM apsorption materials, with an emphasis on their mechanisms and characterizations. Discussion is then made on the chemical strategies of component optimization and nanostructure engineering for developing traditional EM absorption materials. Thereafter, new advances particularly in next–generation EM materials including superhydrophobic, self–healing, high–temperature, optically manipulatable and electrically tuning EM absorbing materials as well as EM–electricity harvester are highlighted. Finally, this review is concluded with an outlook of future research on EM absorption materials, major challenges to be addressed and possible solutions.

无线通信的飞速发展，尤其是随着5G的到来，人工智能（AI）为我们提供了美好的智能生活。然而，这是以电磁（EM）干扰和污染大幅增加为代价的。能够消散入射电磁波的电磁吸收材料对于解决电磁污染至关重要，因此受到了广泛关注。本文全面回顾了电磁吸收材料的现状和新前沿。它从 EM 吸收材料的基础知识开始，重点介绍了它们的机制和特性。然后讨论了用于开发传统电磁吸收材料的成分优化和纳米结构工程的化学策略。此后，重点介绍了下一代 EM 材料的新进展，包括超疏水、自愈、高温、光学可操纵和电调谐 EM 吸收材料以及 EM-电收集器。最后，本综述总结了对电磁吸收材料未来研究的展望、需要解决的主要挑战和可能的解决方案。