Laboratory experiments have advanced our understanding of honey bee (Apis mellifera) responses to environmental factors, but removal from the hive environment may also impact physiology. To examine whether the laboratory environment alters the honey bee gut bacterial community and immune responses, we compared bacterial community structure (based on amplicon sequence variant relative abundance), total bacterial abundance, and immune enzyme (phenoloxidase and glucose oxidase) activity of cohort honey bee workers kept under laboratory and hive conditions. Workers housed in the laboratory showed differences in the relative abundance of their core gut taxa, an increase in total gut bacterial abundance, and reduced phenoloxidase activity, compared to bees housed in hives.

中文翻译：

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经典的囤积笼增加肠道细菌丰度并降低蜜蜂 (Apis mellifera) 工人的个体免疫反应。

实验室实验加深了我们对蜜蜂 (Apis mellifera) 对环境因素反应的理解，但从蜂巢环境中移除也可能影响生理学。为了检查实验室环境是否改变蜜蜂肠道细菌群落和免疫反应，我们比较了队列蜜蜂的细菌群落结构（基于扩增子序列变体相对丰度）、总细菌丰度和免疫酶（酚氧化酶和葡萄糖氧化酶）活性工人保持在实验室和蜂巢条件下。与蜂巢中的蜜蜂相比，实验室中的工作人员显示其核心肠道分类群的相对丰度存在差异，肠道细菌总丰度增加，酚氧化酶活性降低。