Abstract

Introduction

The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) is widely used for dementia screening. The purpose of this study was twofold. First, to cross-culturally adapt the Moroccan Arabic version of MMSE (MA-MMSE) to screen dementia among literate and illiterate elderly Moroccans, and second to analyze its psychometric properties.

Methods

The MA-MMSE was administered to 80 elderly patients, 28 were females and 52 were males. Among all the participants, 22 showed evidence of dementia. Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC), internal consistency, and test–retest reliability were investigated. The test–retest reliability was assessed by Spearman correlation analysis. Cronbach’s α coefficients for internal consistency between total scores and subscores of the test were calculated.

Results

Areas under the ROC curve in literate and illiterate elderly Moroccans participants corresponded to 0.932 and 0.936, respectively. The cutoff point of 21/22 on the MA-MMSE in literate elderly had the highest sensitivity (85.7%), specificity (94.7%), and a positive likelihood ratio of (16.29%), whereas the cutoff point of 18/19 of the screening test in illiterate elderly yielded the highest sensitivity (92.9%), specificity (95.0%), and a positive likelihood ratio of (18.57%). The Cronbach’s α values of the MA-MMSE for literate and illiterate elderly Moroccans were higher than 0.7. Thirty subjects were randomly selected for participation in the test–retest protocol. Participants were retested after an interval of 4–6 weeks. The test–retest reliability for total scores was significant 0.78 (p < 0.01).

Conclusion

The findings provide preliminary evidence that the MA-MMSE is a feasible instrument for dementia screening.

中文翻译：

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摩洛哥版简易精神状态检查的跨文化适应：初步研究

摘要

介绍

简易精神状态检查 (MMSE) 广泛用于痴呆筛查。这项研究的目的是双重的。首先，对摩洛哥阿拉伯语版本的 MMSE (MA-MMSE) 进行跨文化改编，以筛查识字和不识字的摩洛哥老年痴呆症，其次分析其心理测量特性。

方法

对 80 名老年患者进行了 MA-MMSE，其中女性 28 人，男性 52 人。在所有参与者中，有 22 人表现出痴呆症的证据。接受者操作者特征（ROC）、内部一致性和重测信度进行了调查。通过Spearman相关分析评估重测信度。计算了测试总分和子分数之间内部一致性的 Cronbach's α系数。

结果

有识字和不识字的摩洛哥老年参与者的 ROC 曲线下面积分别对应于 0.932 和 0.936。识字老年人 MA-MMSE 21/22 的临界点具有最高的敏感性（85.7%）、特异性（94.7%）和阳性似然比（16.29%），而 18/19 的临界点在文盲老年人筛查试验的敏感性（92.9%）、特异性（95.0%）和阳性似然比（18.57%）最高。识字和不识字的摩洛哥老年人的 MA-MMSE的 Cronbach's α值高于 0.7。随机选择 30 名受试者参加重测方案。参与者在 4-6 周的间隔后重新测试。总分的重测信度显着 0.78 ( p < 0.01)。

结论

研究结果提供了初步证据，证明 MA-MMSE 是一种可行的痴呆筛查工具。