Biosensors are gaining interest in biomedical and environmental sciences. In particular, graphene-based biosensors are promising due to the unique properties of graphene. Here we review the synthesis, characterization, and applications of graphene in enzymatic sensors, immunosensors, DNA sensors, and wearable sensors. Graphene displays advantages such as biocompatibility and oxygenated functional groups that enable chemical functionalization to form composites with metals. We discuss sensor reproducibility, detection limits, sensitivity, multi-targets, and portability.

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基于石墨烯的传感器在生物学中的合成与应用：综述

生物传感器对生物医学和环境科学越来越感兴趣。特别是，由于石墨烯的独特性质，基于石墨烯的生物传感器很有前景。在这里，我们回顾了石墨烯在酶传感器、免疫传感器、DNA 传感器和可穿戴传感器中的合成、表征和应用。石墨烯显示出诸如生物相容性和氧化官能团等优势，使化学官能化能够与金属形成复合材料。我们讨论传感器的重现性、检测限、灵敏度、多目标和便携性。