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Past mercury exposure and current symptoms of nervous system dysfunction in adults of a First Nation community (Canada)
Environmental Health ( IF 6 ) Pub Date : 2022-03-16 , DOI: 10.1186/s12940-022-00838-y
Aline Philibert 1 , Myriam Fillion 1, 2 , Judy Da Silva 3 , Tanya Suvendrini Lena 4 , Donna Mergler 1
Affiliation  

The watershed in Asubpeeschoseewagong Netum Anishinabek (Grassy Narrows First Nation) territory has been contaminated by mercury (Hg) since 1962, resulting in very high Hg concentrations in fish, central to the community’s culture, traditions, economy and diet. Biomarkers of Hg exposure (umbilical cord blood and hair/blood samples), monitored between 1970 and 1997, decreased over time. A recent Grassy Narrows Community Health Assessment (GN-CHA) survey included current symptoms of nervous system dysfunction. The present study aimed to cluster self-reported symptoms and examine their associations with past Hg exposure. The GN-CHA included 391 adults. Symptom clustering used a two-step segmentation approach. Umbilical cord Hg and/or yearly measurements of equivalent hair Hg were available for 242 participants. Structural Equation Models (SEM) displayed the associations between Hg exposure and clusters, with Hg exposure modelled as a latent variable or in separate variables (prenatal, childhood and having had hair Hg ≥ 5 μg/g at least once over the sampling period). Longitudinal Mixed Effects Models (LMEM) served to examine past hair Hg with respect to clusters. A total of 37 symptoms bonded into 6 clusters, representing Extrapyramidal impairment, Sensory impairment, Cranial nerve disturbances, Gross motor impairment, Neuro-cognitive deficits and Affect/Mood disorders. Median Hg concentrations were 5 μg/L (1–78.5) and 1.1 μg/g (0.2–16) for umbilical cord and childhood hair, respectively. More than one-third (36.6%) had hair Hg ≥ 5 μg/g at least once. In SEM, latent Hg was directly associated with Extrapyramidal and Sensory impairment, Cranial nerve disturbances and Affect/Mood disorders. Direct associations were observed for prenatal exposure with Affect/Mood disorders, for childhood exposure with Extrapyramidal impairment and Cranial nerve disturbances, and for hair Hg ≥ 5 μg/g with Extrapyramidal and Sensory impairment. For all clusters, a further association between past Hg exposure and symptom clusters was mediated by diagnosed nervous system disorders. LMEM showed higher past hair Hg among those with higher scores for all clusters, except Affect/Mood disorders. Our findings provide evidence that in this First Nation community, past Hg exposure from fish consumption was associated with later-life clusters of coexisting symptoms of nervous system dysfunction.

中文翻译:

原住民社区成年人过去的汞暴露和当前神经系统功能障碍症状(加拿大)

自 1962 年以来,Asubpeeschoseewagong Netum Anishinabek(Grassy Narrows First Nation)地区的流域一直受到汞 (Hg) 的污染,导致鱼类中的汞浓度非常高,这对社区的文化、传统、经济和饮食至关重要。1970 年至 1997 年间监测的汞暴露生物标志物(脐带血和头发/血液样本)随着时间的推移而减少。最近的 Grassy Narrows 社区健康评估 (GN-CHA) 调查包括当前的神经系统功能障碍症状。本研究旨在对自我报告的症状进行聚类,并检查它们与过去汞暴露的关系。GN-CHA 包括 391 名成年人。症状聚类使用两步分割方法。242 名参与者可获得脐带 Hg 和/或等效头发 Hg 的年度测量值。结构方程模型 (SEM) 显示了汞暴露与集群之间的关联,其中汞暴露建模为潜在变量或单独变量(产前、儿童期和在采样期间至少有一次头发 Hg ≥ 5 μg/g)。纵向混合效应模型 (LMEM) 用于检查过去头发 Hg 与簇的关系。共有 37 种症状结合成 6 个集群,分别代表锥体外系损伤、感觉障碍、颅神经障碍、粗大运动障碍、神经认知缺陷和情感/情绪障碍。脐带和儿童毛发的中位 Hg 浓度分别为 5 μg/L (1-78.5) 和 1.1 μg/g (0.2-16)。超过三分之一 (36.6%) 的人至少有一次头发 Hg ≥ 5 μg/g。在 SEM 中,潜伏汞与锥体外系和感觉障碍直接相关,颅神经障碍和情感/情绪障碍。观察到产前暴露与情感/情绪障碍、儿童暴露与锥体外系损伤和颅神经障碍以及头发 Hg ≥ 5 μg/g 与锥体外系和感觉障碍直接相关。对于所有集群,过去的汞暴露与症状集群之间的进一步关联是由诊断的神经系统疾病介导的。LMEM 在所有聚类得分较高的人群中显示出较高的过去头发 Hg,但情感/情绪障碍除外。我们的研究结果提供的证据表明,在这个原住民社区中,过去因食用鱼类而接触的汞与晚年一系列神经系统功能障碍并存的症状有关。用于患有锥体外系损伤和颅神经障碍的儿童暴露,以及用于具有锥体外系和感觉障碍的头发 Hg ≥ 5 μg/g。对于所有集群,过去的汞暴露与症状集群之间的进一步关联是由诊断的神经系统疾病介导的。LMEM 在所有聚类得分较高的人群中显示出较高的过去头发 Hg,但情感/情绪障碍除外。我们的研究结果提供的证据表明,在这个原住民社区中,过去因食用鱼类而接触的汞与晚年一系列神经系统功能障碍并存的症状有关。用于患有锥体外系损伤和颅神经障碍的儿童暴露,以及用于具有锥体外系和感觉障碍的头发 Hg ≥ 5 μg/g。对于所有集群,过去的汞暴露与症状集群之间的进一步关联是由诊断的神经系统疾病介导的。LMEM 在所有聚类得分较高的人群中显示出较高的过去头发 Hg,但情感/情绪障碍除外。我们的研究结果提供的证据表明,在这个原住民社区中,过去因食用鱼类而接触的汞与晚年一系列神经系统功能障碍并存的症状有关。过去的汞暴露与症状群之间的进一步关联是由诊断出的神经系统疾病介导的。LMEM 在所有聚类得分较高的人群中显示出较高的过去头发 Hg,但情感/情绪障碍除外。我们的研究结果提供的证据表明,在这个原住民社区中,过去因食用鱼类而接触的汞与晚年一系列神经系统功能障碍并存的症状有关。过去的汞暴露与症状群之间的进一步关联是由诊断出的神经系统疾病介导的。LMEM 在所有聚类得分较高的人群中显示出较高的过去头发 Hg,但情感/情绪障碍除外。我们的研究结果提供的证据表明,在这个原住民社区中,过去因食用鱼类而接触的汞与晚年一系列神经系统功能障碍并存的症状有关。
更新日期:2022-03-16
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