Inland open-access fisheries of India are important resources that contribute significantly to the national economy while providing livelihood to millions. The majority of these resources are suitable for aquaculture, with a high potential for enhanced inland fish production. Enclosures (cages and pens) installed in such waters are useful for rearing fingerlings for enhancement programmes and table-fish production. Floating cages are most suitable for waterbodies vulnerable to occasional flooding, while pen enclosures installed in marginal areas of floodplain wetlands can be suitably reinforced to protect the fish during floods. Small indigenous fishes can be introduced into pens to increase their productivity. This paper reviews enclosure technologies in the inland open waters of India and discusses the socioeconomic benefits, ecological advantages, and climate resilience of these technologies. These factors may encourage their adoption and lead to an increase in fish production in the large inland waters of India.

中文翻译：

---

印度内陆开放水域圈地养殖概述：应对内陆渔业的社会经济、生态和气候变化问题

印度的内陆开放渔业是重要的资源，对国民经济做出重大贡献，同时为数百万人提供生计。这些资源中的大部分适合水产养殖，具有提高内陆鱼类产量的巨大潜力。安装在此类水域中的围栏（笼子和围栏）可用于养殖鱼种以进行增强计划和食用鱼生产。浮动网箱最适合易受偶尔洪水侵袭的水体，而安装在洪泛区湿地边缘区域的围栏可以适当加固以在洪水期间保护鱼类。可以将小型本地鱼类引入围栏以提高其生产力。本文回顾了印度内陆开阔水域的围网技术，并讨论了社会经济效益，这些技术的生态优势和气候适应能力。这些因素可能会鼓励它们的采用，并导致印度大片内陆水域的鱼类产量增加。