Background Excessive alcohol consumption is associated with poor diet. Mixed reports in literature, so far, emphasize on the detailed understanding of relationships between diet composition and binge drinking at different drinking thresholds. Objective We examined the association of alcohol consumption thresholds with macronutrient composition, caloric intake and anthropometric measures from the NHANES 2017–2018 dataset. Methods A total of 2320 participants’ data were analyzed. Energy and nutrient content from daily food and beverage intake were assessed via two dietary recall interviews. Physical examination and Alcohol Use Questionnaire including details about lifetime and current usage patterns were obtained. Correlations were evaluated using the Rao-Scott F Adjusted Chi-square statistic and Wald F-test. Sample-weighted multiple linear regression models were built to analyze the associations among volume of alcohol consumed, weight history and macronutrient intake. Results Waist circumference was significantly higher in 0– < 4 drinks/episode (low-quantity) drinkers than 4–7 drinks/episode (medium-quantity) and 8–11 drinks/episode (high-quantity) drinkers. High-quantity drinkers consumed significantly more kilocalories (2569.91) compared with low-quantity drinkers (2106.73). Low-quantity drinkers consumed more energy from carbohydrate and fat than medium and high-quantity drinkers. Very high-quantity drinkers (12+ drinks/episode) consumed less fiber (12.81 g) than low-quantity drinkers (16.67 g). Conclusions We observed an association between high alcohol intake and differences in eating habits and body composition. The findings suggest a need to compare more specific drinking patterns and their impact on nutrient intake. Although some results conflicted with previous studies, the mechanisms underlying alcohol’s effect on ingestive and digestive metabolic pathways are still unclear and require further investigation.

中文翻译：

---

饮酒模式、常量营养素组成和热量摄入之间的关系：2017-2018 年全国健康和营养检查调查

背景 过量饮酒与不良饮食有关。到目前为止，文献中的混合报告强调对不同饮酒阈值下饮食成分与暴饮暴食之间关系的详细了解。目的 我们从 NHANES 2017-2018 数据集中检查了饮酒阈值与常量营养素组成、热量摄入和人体测量指标之间的关联。方法 共分析了 2320 名参与者的数据。通过两次饮食回忆访谈评估每日食物和饮料摄入的能量和营养成分。获得了体格检查和酒精使用问卷，包括有关寿命和当前使用模式的详细信息。使用 Rao-Scott F 调整卡方统计和 Wald F 检验评估相关性。建立了样本加权多元线性回归模型来分析饮酒量、体重历史和常量营养素摄入量之间的关联。结果腰围明显高于 0– <; 4 杯/集（低量）饮酒者比 4-7 杯/集（中等量）和 8-11 杯/集（高量）饮酒者。与少量饮酒者 (2106.73) 相比，大量饮酒者消耗更多卡路里 (2569.91)。与中量和大量饮酒者相比，低量饮酒者从碳水化合物和脂肪中消耗更多能量。大量饮酒者（12 杯以上/每集）消耗的纤维（12.81 克）少于少量饮酒者（16.67 克）。结论 我们观察到大量饮酒与饮食习惯和身体成分的差异之间存在关联。研究结果表明需要比较更具体的饮酒模式及其对营养摄入的影响。尽管一些结果与之前的研究相矛盾，但酒精对消化道和消化道影响的潜在机制仍不清楚，需要进一步研究。