The Taliban's takeover of Afghanistan has brought both opportunities and challenges for Pakistan. As Islamabad is relieved by India's exit from Afghanistan, it continues to worry more about the spill-over of the situation in Afghanistan into Pakistan. Among key non-traditional security challenges are extremism, terrorism, refugees and drug trafficking and Islamabad continues to express serious concerns on how the new development in Afghanistan can pose a serious threat to Pakistan's peace and security. With a friendly regime in Kabul, however, Pakistan has an opportunity to handle these challenges through a mix of bilateral and multilateral options. By examining historical and contemporary dynamics, this article assesses the seriousness of non-traditional security threats vis-à-vis Afghanistan for Pakistan. Islamabad's immediate non-traditional security concerns focus on how the new developments in Afghanistan will possibly influence religious extremism and terrorism at home. Finally, the article outlines policy recommendations for Pakistan's engagement in the Taliban-led Afghanistan.

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塔利班接管阿富汗和巴基斯坦的非传统安全挑战

塔利班接管阿富汗，给巴基斯坦带来机遇和挑战。伊斯兰堡因印度退出阿富汗而松了一口气，但它继续更加担心阿富汗局势会蔓延到巴基斯坦。主要的非传统安全挑战包括极端主义、恐怖主义、难民和贩毒，伊斯兰堡继续对阿富汗的新发展如何对巴基斯坦的和平与安全构成严重威胁表示严重关切。然而，由于喀布尔有一个友好的政权，巴基斯坦有机会通过双边和多边选择来应对这些挑战。通过考察历史和当代动态，本文评估了非传统安全威胁相对于阿富汗为巴基斯坦。伊斯兰堡当前的非传统安全担忧集中在阿富汗的新事态发展可能如何影响国内的宗教极端主义和恐怖主义。最后，文章概述了巴基斯坦参与塔利班领导的阿富汗的政策建议。