International environmental law has come a long way in addressing humans’ extractive and negative relationship with nature, although despite its profound anthropocentrism and economic focus. This paper analyzes how and whether international environmental law can be conceived differently by incorporating different perspectives about the human/nature relationship. More specifically, the article engages with the concept of multinaturalism, as developed by anthropologist Eduardo Viveiros de Castro, to address the advantages and significance of admitting indigenous forms of life in international environmental law. Forms of life which not only relate to nature differently but can conceive of nature differently. Taking such an approach requires a methodological shift to examine the existence of forms of life that invert the traditional Western conception of nature and culture, thus allowing for the potential to move international environmental law beyond anthropocentrism, while providing elements to resolve the tension between development/economic concerns in ecological conservation and long-term species survival.

国际环境法在解决人类与自然的榨取和消极关系方面取得了长足的进步，尽管它具有深刻的人类中心主义和经济重点。本文分析了如何以及是否可以通过结合关于人与自然关系的不同观点来对国际环境法进行不同的构想。更具体地说，本文涉及人类学家爱德华多·维韦罗斯·德·卡斯特罗（Eduardo Viveiros de Castro）提出的多元自然主义概念，以解决在国际环境法中承认土著生命形式的优势和意义。生命形式不仅与自然有不同的关系，而且可以设想性质不同。采取这种方法需要在方法论上进行转变，以检验颠覆传统西方自然和文化概念的生命形式的存在，从而有可能使国际环境法超越人类中心主义，同时提供解决发展/发展之间的紧张关系的要素生态保护和物种长期生存的经济问题。