Abstract

The adverse effects of combustion waste disposal sites could be limited by their biological stabilization. This work presents a review of the literature on the utility of species of alder (black, grey and green) in the biological stabilization, and potentially phytoremediation, of combustion waste disposal sites. All three alder species studied are characterized by high survival rates and good growth parameters, with black alder displaying better growth parameters compared to grey alder. In general, the three alder species have been found to have similar and positive effects on the physicochemical properties of combustion waste, with the observed differences being relatively small. In combustion waste disposal site located in Central Poland, litter pH was slightly acidic (pH in KCl 6.3) to neutral (pH in KCl 6.7), which is favourable for strongly alkaline combustion wastes. Accumulation of litter layer ranged from 2.9 to 3.6 Mg ha^–1, and grey alder litter was characterized by the highest content of nutrients (N-P-K). Organic C content in the 0–5 cm mineral layer (A) increased to 38.06 and 47.80 g kg^–1, respectively for green and black alder. However, the selection of a single tree species for the reclamation of combustion waste needs to be based not only its phytoameliorative function but also its growth and biomass parameters. Given those parameters, black alder is strongly recommended. This species has a similar effect on the properties of combustion waste as grey alder, but it exhibits better growth parameters. Green alder, being a shrub with lower biomass and litter fall than the other two species, exerts weaker ameliorative and soil development effects, but may be used on slopes to counteract erosion processes.

中文翻译：

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使用桤木对燃烧废物处理场进行植物稳定

摘要

燃烧废物处理场的不利影响可能会受到其生物稳定性的限制。这项工作回顾了关于桤木（黑色、灰色和绿色）在燃烧废物处理场的生物稳定和潜在的植物修复中的效用的文献。研究的所有三种桤木都具有高存活率和良好的生长参数的特点，与灰桤木相比，黑桤木显示出更好的生长参数。一般来说，已发现这三种桤木对燃烧废物的物理化学性质具有相似和积极的影响，观察到的差异相对较小。在位于波兰中部的燃烧废物处理场，垃圾的 pH 值呈微酸性（KCl 中的 pH 值 6.3）至中性（KCl 中的 pH 值 6.7），这有利于强碱性燃烧废物。凋落物层的累积范围为 2.9 至 3.6 Mg ha^–1，灰桤木凋落物的特点是营养成分（NPK）含量最高。对于绿色和黑色桤木，0-5 cm 矿物层 (A) 中的有机 C 含量分别增加到 38.06 和 47.80 g kg ^{-1 。}然而，为回收燃烧废物选择单一树种不仅需要基于其植物改良功能，还需要基于其生长和生物量参数。鉴于这些参数，强烈推荐使用黑桤木。该物种对燃烧废物的性质具有与灰桤木相似的影响，但它表现出更好的生长参数。绿桤木是一种生物量和凋落物比其他两个物种低的灌木，其改良和土壤发育效果较弱，但可用于斜坡以抵消侵蚀过程。