The worldwide COVID-19 pandemic has brought significant consideration toward innovative strategies for overcoming the viral spread. Nanotechnology will change our lives in several forms as its uses span from electronics to pharmaceutical procedures. The use of nanoparticles provides a possibility to promote new antiviral treatments with a low possibility of increasing drug resistance compared to typical chemical-based antiviral treatments. Since the long-term usage of disinfectants and antiseptics at high concentrations has deleterious impacts on well-being and the environment, this review was intended to discuss the antiviral activity of disinfectants and antiseptics required for their activity against respiratory viruses especially SARS-CoV-2. It could improve the inhibition of viral penetration into cells, solvation of the lipid bilayer envelope, and ROS production, therefore enhancing the effect of disinfectants. However, significant concerns about nanomaterial's hazardous effects on individuals and the environment are increasing as nanotechnology flourishes. In this review, we first discuss the significant and essential types of nanomaterials, especially silver and copper, that could be used as antiviral agents and their viral entry mechanisms into host cells. Further, we consider the toxicity on health, and environmental concerns of nanoparticles. Eventually, we present our outlook on the fate of nanomaterials toward viral diseases.

全球 COVID-19 大流行已引起人们对克服病毒传播的创新策略的重要考虑。纳米技术将以多种形式改变我们的生活，因为它的用途从电子产品到制药程序。与典型的基于化学的抗病毒治疗相比，纳米粒子的使用为促进新的抗病毒治疗提供了可能性，增加耐药性的可能性很小。由于长期使用高浓度消毒剂和防腐剂对健康和环境造成有害影响，本综述旨在讨论消毒剂和防腐剂对呼吸道病毒尤其是 SARS-CoV-2 的活性所需的抗病毒活性. 它可以改善对病毒渗透进入细胞的抑制作用，脂质双层包膜的溶剂化和活性氧的产生，因此增强了消毒剂的效果。然而，随着纳米技术的蓬勃发展，对纳米材料对个人和环境的有害影响的重大担忧正在增加。在这篇综述中，我们首先讨论了重要且必要的纳米材料类型，尤其是银和铜，它们可用作抗病毒剂及其病毒进入宿主细胞的机制。此外，我们考虑了纳米粒子对健康的毒性和环境问题。最后，我们提出了我们对纳米材料对病毒性疾病的命运的展望。随着纳米技术的蓬勃发展，对个人和环境的有害影响正在增加。在这篇综述中，我们首先讨论了重要且必要的纳米材料类型，尤其是银和铜，它们可用作抗病毒剂及其病毒进入宿主细胞的机制。此外，我们考虑了纳米粒子对健康的毒性和环境问题。最后，我们提出了我们对纳米材料对病毒性疾病的命运的展望。随着纳米技术的蓬勃发展，对个人和环境的有害影响正在增加。在这篇综述中，我们首先讨论了重要且必要的纳米材料类型，尤其是银和铜，它们可用作抗病毒剂及其病毒进入宿主细胞的机制。此外，我们考虑了纳米粒子对健康的毒性和环境问题。最后，我们提出了我们对纳米材料对病毒性疾病的命运的展望。