Urea–formaldehyde (UF) resin is the most important used adhesive in the production of wood-based composite panels, such as particleboard, medium-density fiberboard, oriented strand board and plywood. The aim of this work was to investigate the influence of nanocellulose, boric acid and borax on the chemical performance properties of UF resin. UF resin was reinforced with various loading levels of nanocellulose, boric acid and borax. Formaldehyde emission, gel time, solid content, viscosity, pH, specific gravity, shelf life and Fourier transform infrared spectra were evaluated as indicators of chemical performance. The findings showed that the formaldehyde emission of hybrid UF resin reinforced with nanocellulose/boron compounds decreased by up to 31.25%. The use of the reinforcement technique in the resin caused an increase in shelf life, viscosity and gel time but caused a reduction in the solid content of the resin. The apparent specific gravity of the resin was not influenced by the addition of nanocellulose/boron compounds. It was concluded that the chemical performance properties of UF resin could be enhanced by using proper nanocellulose, boric acid and borax loading levels. By using the reinforcement technique, it was possible to produce low-formaldehyde-emitting adhesives so that environmentally friendly products could be manufactured.

中文翻译：

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纳米纤维素/硼化合物增强杂化UF树脂的化学性能分析

脲醛（UF）树脂是人造板生产中最重要的粘合剂，如刨花板、中密度纤维板、定向刨花板和胶合板。这项工作的目的是研究纳米纤维素、硼酸和硼砂对UF树脂化学性能的影响。UF 树脂用不同负载水平的纳米纤维素、硼酸和硼砂增强。甲醛释放量、凝胶时间、固含量、粘度、pH、比重、保质期和傅里叶变换红外光谱被评估为化学性能的指标。研究结果表明，纳米纤维素/硼化合物增强的混合超滤树脂的甲醛释放量降低了高达 31.25%。在树脂中使用增强技术可延长保质期，粘度和凝胶时间，但会导致树脂的固体含量降低。树脂的表观比重不受添加纳米纤维素/硼化合物的影响。得出的结论是，通过使用适当的纳米纤维素、硼酸和硼砂负载量，可以提高 UF 树脂的化学性能。通过使用增强技术，可以生产出低甲醛排放的粘合剂，从而可以制造出环保产品。