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Autophagy–mediated plasma membrane removal promotes the formation of epithelial syncytia
The EMBO Journal ( IF 11.4 ) Pub Date : 2022-03-09 , DOI: 10.15252/embj.2021109992
Parisa Kakanj 1, 2, 3, 4 , Sourabh Bhide 2, 5 , Bernard Moussian 6 , Maria Leptin 1, 2, 3, 4
Affiliation  

Epithelial wound healing in Drosophila involves the formation of multinucleate cells surrounding the wound. We show that autophagy, a cellular degradation process often deployed in stress responses, is required for the formation of a multinucleated syncytium during wound healing, and that autophagosomes that appear near the wound edge acquire plasma membrane markers. In addition, uncontrolled autophagy in the unwounded epidermis leads to the degradation of endo-membranes and the lateral plasma membrane, while apical and basal membranes and epithelial barrier function remain intact. Proper functioning of TORC1 is needed to prevent destruction of the larval epidermis by autophagy, in a process that depends on phagophore initiation and expansion but does not require autophagosomes fusion with lysosomes. Autophagy induction can also affect other sub-cellular membranes, as shown by its suppression of experimentally induced laminopathy-like nuclear defects. Our findings reveal a function for TORC1-mediated regulation of autophagy in maintaining membrane integrity and homeostasis in the epidermis and during wound healing.

中文翻译:

自噬介导的质膜去除促进上皮合胞体的形成

果蝇上皮伤口愈合涉及在伤口周围形成多核细胞。我们表明,自噬是一种通常用于应激反应的细胞降解过程,是伤口愈合过程中多核合胞体形成所必需的,并且出现在伤口边缘附近的自噬体获得质膜标志物。此外,未受伤的表皮中不受控制的自噬导致内膜和侧质膜的降解,而顶端和基底膜以及上皮屏障功能保持完整。需要TORC1的正常功能来防止自噬破坏幼虫表皮,这个过程依赖于吞噬细胞的启动和扩张,但不需要自噬体与溶酶体融合。自噬诱导也会影响其他亚细胞膜,如其抑制实验诱导的椎板病样核缺陷所示。我们的研究结果揭示了 TORC1 介导的自噬调节在维持表皮和伤口愈合过程中的膜完整性和稳态中的功能。
更新日期:2022-03-09
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