Intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization is a prominent risk factor for depression among mothers. Less is known about the long-term relationship between IPV and maternal depression, impacts of IPV exposure on children, and mechanisms linking IPV with long-term mental health problems. IPV threatens stable housing for survivors, which increases likelihood of surveillance and sanctioning by formal systems – in particular, child welfare and criminal justice. The present study investigates whether housing insecurity and system contacts mediate the relationship between maternal IPV victimization and depression among both mothers and children 10 years later. Data comes from the Fragile Families and Child Well-being Study, a longitudinal survey of at-risk families with children. Structural equation modeling investigates pathways from IPV victimization of mothers to maternal and child depression via housing insecurity and contact with the child welfare and criminal justice systems. Results show IPV victimization is directly associated with housing insecurity, child welfare contact, and adolescent depression. Further, housing insecurity leading to both types of system contact mediates the link from IPV to maternal depression; in contrast, housing insecurity alone mediates the link from IPV to depression among children when they are 15 years old. Findings suggest IPV toward mothers has enduring, multigenerational effects on mental health that unfold over a long period following victimization. Complex pathways suggest housing insecurity and contact with punitive social systems that disproportionately impact low-income families explain in part the link from IPV to depression. Lack of housing options may deter survivors from leaving violent relationships, and housing insecurity in the wake of victimization may contribute to interactions with punitive social systems. Efforts to address housing, stigma, and psychological needs of IPV survivors are crucial to stabilize families.

亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）受害是母亲抑郁症的一个突出风险因素。关于 IPV 与母亲抑郁症之间的长期关系、IPV 暴露对儿童的影响以及将 IPV 与长期心理健康问题联系起来的机制知之甚少。IPV 威胁到幸存者的稳定住房，这增加了正式系统监视和制裁的可能性——特别是儿童福利和刑事司法。本研究调查了住房不安全和系统接触是否在 10 年后母亲和儿童的母亲 IPV 受害与抑郁之间的关系中起中介作用。数据来自脆弱家庭和儿童福利研究，这是一项针对有孩子的高危家庭的纵向调查。结构方程模型通过住房不安全以及与儿童福利和刑事司法系统的联系，调查了从母亲受 IPV 受害到母婴抑郁症的途径。结果表明，IPV 受害与住房不安全、儿童福利接触和青少年抑郁症直接相关。此外，导致两种系统接触的住房不安全感调节了从 IPV 与孕产妇抑郁症的联系；相比之下，仅住房不安全就介导了 15 岁儿童从 IPV 与抑郁症之间的联系。研究结果表明，针对母亲的 IPV 对心理健康具有持久的、多代的影响，这种影响会在受害后的很长一段时间内显现出来。复杂的路径表明住房不安全以及与惩罚性社会系统的联系对低收入家庭产生了不成比例的影响，这部分解释了 IPV 与抑郁症之间的联系。缺乏住房选择可能会阻止幸存者离开暴力关系，而受害后的住房不安全可能会导致与惩罚性社会制度的互动。解决 IPV 幸存者的住房、污名和心理需求的努力对于稳定家庭至关重要。