In negotiating the anti-Black oppression, Black mothers communicate lessons of resistance in their racial socialization messages to their Black adolescent boys. We investigate whether distinct strategies of resistance for survival, characterized by individual-focused immediate strategies of resistance, and resistance for liberation, strategies of resistance that disrupt systems of anti-Black oppression rooted in furthering collective Black empowerment, are employed in Black mothers' messages to their sons. In this manuscript, we use longitudinal data of Black mothers’ of adolescent boys interviews (N = 31) across three time points (6th–11th grade). Our findings indicate the presence of various strategies of resistance for survival and resistance for liberation within Black mothers’ preparation for bias socialization.

中文翻译：

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黑人母亲对黑人儿子的抵抗教训

在谈判反黑人压迫时，黑人母亲在他们的种族社会化信息中向他们的黑人青春期男孩传达抵抗的教训。我们调查是否在黑人母亲的信息中采用了不同的生存抵抗策略，其特点是以个人为中心的直接抵抗策略和解放抵抗，破坏根植于促进集体黑人赋权的反黑人压迫系统的抵抗策略给他们的儿子。在这份手稿中，我们使用了黑人母亲对青春期男孩访谈的纵向数据（N = 31）跨越三个时间点（6-11 年级）。我们的研究结果表明，在黑人母亲为偏见社会化做准备的过程中，存在各种抵抗生存和抵抗解放的策略。