Research on isolated attosecond pulses (IAPs) based on high-order harmonic generation changed substantially around 2010. Before then, the Ti:sapphire laser was the de facto standard as the driving light source, so the cutoff energy was limited to ~100 eV. After 2010, the mid-infrared optical parametric amplifier became the mainstream driving source. The shortest pulse width of an IAP has reached ~50 as, an intensity over a gigawatt has been achieved, and the photon energy has been extended to 500 eV. However, owing to the low flux of IAPs, the use of IAPs is still limited in terms of applications. Here we focus on the vigorous efforts in the past decade to extend the performance of IAPs.

基于高次谐波产生的孤立阿秒脉冲（IAP）的研究在 2010 年左右发生了重大变化。在此之前，钛蓝宝石激光器是作为驱动光源的事实上的标准，因此截止能量被限制在 ~100 eV。2010年后，中红外光参量放大器成为主流驱动源。IAP 的最短脉冲宽度已达到约 50，因为已实现超过千兆瓦的强度，并且光子能量已扩展到 500 eV。然而，由于 IAPs 的低通量，IAPs 的使用在应用方面仍然受到限制。在这里，我们重点关注过去十年为扩展 IAP 性能所做的大力努力。