当前位置: X-MOL 学术Population and Development Review › 论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
Women's Low Employment Rates in India: Cultural and Structural Explanations
Population and Development Review ( IF 10.515 ) Pub Date : 2022-03-04 , DOI: 10.1111/padr.12474
Esha Chatterjee 1 , Reeve D. Vanneman
Affiliation  

Indian women's labor force participation rates have long demonstrated a U-shaped relationship with their education, rather than a more conventional positive linear relationship. The low rates of employment for moderately educated women are usually explained either as a result of the cultural stigma of women's employment in a patriarchal society or because of the lack of demand from white-collar and light manufacturing jobs for women with middle levels of education. Using especially well-suited data from two waves of the India Human Development Survey, we test these explanations by examining the education–employment relationship in districts with low cultural stigma (low observance of purdah) and high proportions of (salaried) employment considered “suitable” for women. We find little support for either the cultural or structural explanations: the education–employment relationship remains U-shaped in districts with low stigma or with more “suitable” salaried employment. Instead, we suggest a better explanation lies in the high levels of gender segregation where most white-collar jobs are reserved for men. We simulate what the education–employment relationship would look like if these white-collar occupations were female-dominated as they are in most places in the world and find a more conventional linear relationship.

中文翻译:

印度女性的低就业率:文化和结构解释

印度女性的劳动力参与率长期以来与她们的教育呈现出 U 型关系,而不是更传统的正线性关系。受过中等教育的女性就业率低通常被解释为男权社会中女性就业的文化耻辱,或者是因为中等教育水平的女性缺乏对白领和轻制造业工作的需求。使用来自印度人类发展调查的两轮特别适合的数据,我们通过检查文化耻辱度低(不遵守深闺)和高比例(受薪)就业被认为“合适”的地区的教育-就业关系来检验这些解释“ 女用。我们发现对文化或结构解释的支持都很少:教育-就业关系在低耻辱感或更“合适”的受薪就业的地区仍然是 U 形的。相反,我们建议更好的解释在于高度的性别隔离,大多数白领工作都是为男性保留的。我们模拟了如果这些白领职业像世界上大多数地方一样由女性主导,那么教育-就业关系会是什么样子,并找到一种更传统的线性关系。
更新日期:2022-03-04
down
wechat
bug