ABSTRACT

A 3-year field experiment was conducted to determine the impact of corn residue-derived biochar on soil organic matter (SOM), soil nutrients, corn yield and partial factor productivity of synthetic fertilizer in Hetao Irrigation District, Inner Mongolia of China. Three rates of biochar, 15 (B15), 30 (B30) and 45 (B45) t ha⁻¹, and a non-biochar control (B0) were applied to a corn field one time at the first crop growing season under film-mulched with drip-irrigation. Relative to B0, the B30 led to a significant increase in SOM at top 30 cm soil layer (15.3%) and partial factor productivity of fertilizers (12.8%) as averaged across 3 years. Amendment in B30 also increased the available nutrients in the soil (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium), corn yield and economic benefit. In contrast, the first year showed the largest improvements for corn yield and economic benefit for B30, followed by the second year and the third year. The corn grain yield has potentially increased when the SOM and the available phosphorus were increased when compared to the available nitrogen and potassium. A single biochar amendment at the rate of 30 t ha⁻¹ can be adequate for the corn production in 3 years under dry climatic conditions.

摘要

在内蒙古河套灌区进行了为期 3 年的田间试验，确定了玉米秸秆生物质炭对土壤有机质（SOM）、土壤养分、玉米产量和合成肥料部分要素生产力的影响。三种比率 biochar，15 (B15)、30 (B30) 和 45 (B45) t ha ^-1，并且在第一个作物生长季节在薄膜覆盖和滴灌的情况下将非生物炭对照（B0）施用于玉米田。相对于 B0，B30 导致表层 30 cm 土壤层的 SOM 显着增加（15.3%）和肥料的部分要素生产力（12.8%），平均为 3 年。B30 的修订还增加了土壤中的有效养分（氮、磷和钾）、玉米产量和经济效益。相比之下，B30 第一年玉米产量和经济效益的提高最大，其次是第二年和第三年。与有效氮和钾相比，当 SOM 和有效磷增加时，玉米籽粒产量可能会增加。^{以 30 t ha -1}的速率进行一次生物炭改良在干燥的气候条件下，可满足 3 年的玉米生产需求。