We analyze time use data of four East Asian societies and 12 Western countries between 1985 and 2016 to investigate the gender revolution in paid work, domestic work, and total work. The closing of gender gaps in paid work, domestic work, and total work time has stalled in the most recent decade in several countries. The magnitude of the gender gaps, cultural contexts, and welfare policies plays a key role in determining whether the gender revolution in the division of labor will stall or continue. Women undertake more total work than men across all societies: The gender gap ranges from 30 minutes to 2 hours a day. Our findings suggest that cultural norms interact with institutional contexts to affect the patterns of gender convergence in time use, and gender equality might settle at differing levels of egalitarianism across countries.

我们分析了 1985 年至 2016 年间四个东亚社会和 12 个西方国家的时间使用数据，以调查有偿工作、家务工作和总工作中的性别革命。在最近的十年中，一些国家在有偿工作、家务工作和总工作时间方面的性别差距的缩小已经停滞不前。性别差距的大小、文化背景和福利政策在决定分工中的性别革命是停止还是继续方面发挥着关键作用。在所有社会中，女性承担的总工作量都比男性多：性别差距从每天 30 分钟到 2 小时不等。我们的研究结果表明，文化规范与制度环境相互作用以影响时间使用中的性别趋同模式，并且性别平等可能会在各国的不同水平的平等主义中得到解决。