Spatial assimilation theory claims that immigrants’ acculturation and socioeconomic progress will lead to converging neighborhood attainment relative to non-migrant natives. Recently, it has been argued that equalization of local services and life chances across neighborhoods in egalitarian welfare states may delay spatial assimilation by reducing immigrants’ incentives to move out of low-income areas with many (co-ethnic) immigrant neighbors. In this article, we extend this argument to study whether neighborhood equalization also contributes to intergenerational persistence in neighborhood contexts among descendants of immigrants in Norway. Using administrative data, we find that immigrant descendants as adults often remain in neighborhood contexts that resemble their childhood neighborhoods, characterized by relative economic disadvantage and comparatively few ethnic majority residents. Intergenerational persistence in neighborhood contexts is strongest among descendants of immigrants from Pakistan, the Middle East, and Africa. The remaining immigrant–native gaps in spatial economic inequality largely reflect differences in individuals’ education and earnings, family background, and childhood neighborhood context, but these factors matter less for ethnic neighborhood segregation. For both economic and ethnic dimensions of neighborhood attainment, childhood neighborhood context is the factor that matters most in accounting for immigrant–native gaps, whereas individual socioeconomic attainment is the least important. Overall, our findings point to a pattern of “uneven assimilation” among immigrant descendants, where spatial assimilation is slow despite rapid socioeconomic progress across immigrant generations in the egalitarian Norwegian welfare state.

空间同化理论声称移民的文化适应和社会经济进步将导致相对于非移民本地人的邻里成就趋同。最近，有人认为，在平等主义福利国家中，地方服务和社区之间的生活机会均等化可能会通过减少移民离开有许多（同族）移民邻居的低收入地区的动机来延迟空间同化。在本文中，我们扩展了这一论点，以研究邻里均等化是否也有助于挪威移民后裔在邻里环境中的代际持久性。使用行政数据，我们发现移民后裔成年后经常留在类似于他们童年社区的社区环境中，其特点是经济相对不利，少数民族居民相对较少。在来自巴基斯坦、中东和非洲的移民后裔中，邻里环境中的代际持久性最强。空间经济不平等中剩余的移民-本土差距主要反映了个人教育和收入、家庭背景和童年邻里环境的差异，但这些因素对种族邻里隔离的影响较小。对于邻里成就的经济和种族维度，童年邻里环境是解释移民与本土差距的最重要因素，而个人社会经济成就是最不重要的。总体而言，我们的研究结果指出了移民后代之间的“不均匀同化”模式，