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A meta-analysis of the effect of organic and mineral fertilizers on soil microbial diversity
Applied Soil Ecology ( IF 4.8 ) Pub Date : 2022-03-04 , DOI: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2022.104450
Daniel P. Bebber 1 , Victoria R. Richards 1
Affiliation  

Organic agriculture, employing manures or composts, has been proposed as a way of mitigating undesirable impacts of mineral fertilizer use. Of particular interest is the effect of fertilizer regime on soil microbes, which are key to nutrient cycling, plant health and soil structure. However, the effect of fertilizers on soil microbial diversity remains poorly understood. Since biological diversity is an important determinant of ecosystem function and a fundamental metric in community ecology, the effects of fertilizer regimes on soil microbial diversity are of theoretical and applied interest. Here, we conduct a meta-analysis of 37 studies reporting microbial diversity metrics in mineral fertilized (NPK), organically fertilized (ORG) and unfertilized control (CON) soils. Of these studies, 32 reported taxonomic diversity derived from sequencing, gradient gel electrophoresis, or RFLP. Functional diversity, derived from Biolog Ecoplate™ measures of carbon substrate metabolism, was reported in 8 studies, with 3 studies reporting both diversity metrics. Bacterial and archaeal diversity was reported in 28 taxonomic studies, and fungal diversity in 8 taxonomic studies. We found that functional diversity was 2.8% greater in NPK compared with CON, 7.0% greater in ORG vs. CON, and 3.8% greater in ORG vs. NPK. Bacterial and archaeal taxonomic diversity was not significantly different between NPK and CON, but on average 2.9% greater in ORG vs. CON, and 2.4% greater in ORG vs. NPK. Fungal taxonomic diversity was not significantly different between any treatment pairs. There was very high residual heterogeneity in all meta-analyses of soil diversity, suggesting that a large amount of further research is required to fully understand the influence of fertilizer regimes on microbial diversity and ecosystem function.



中文翻译:

有机和矿物肥料对土壤微生物多样性影响的荟萃分析

已经提出使用肥料或堆肥的有机农业作为减轻矿物肥料使用的不良影响的一种方式。特别令人感兴趣的是肥料制度对土壤微生物的影响,这是养分循环、植物健康和土壤结构的关键。然而,肥料对土壤微生物多样性的影响仍然知之甚少。由于生物多样性是生态系统功能的重要决定因素和群落生态学的基本指标,因此肥料制度对土壤微生物多样性的影响具有理论和应用意义。在这里,我们对 37 项研究报告了矿物施肥 (NPK)、有机施肥 (ORG) 和未施肥对照 (CON) 土壤中的微生物多样性指标进行了荟萃分析。在这些研究中,32 项报告了来自测序的分类多样性,梯度凝胶电泳或 RFLP。8 项研究报告了源自 Biolog Ecoplate™ 碳底物代谢测量的功能多样性,其中 3 项研究报告了两种多样性指标。28 项分类研究报告了细菌和古细菌的多样性,8 项分类研究报告了真菌的多样性。我们发现,与 CON 相比,NPK 的功能多样性高 2.8%,ORG 与 CON 相比高 7.0%,ORG 与 NPK 高 3.8%。NPK 和 CON 之间的细菌和古细菌分类多样性没有显着差异,但 ORG 与 CON 相比平均高 2.9%,ORG 与 NPK 平均高 2.4%。任何处理对之间的真菌分类多样性没有显着差异。在土壤多样性的所有荟萃分析中存在非常高的残留异质性,

更新日期:2022-03-04
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