Early temperamental reactivity and attachment security are key predictors of children’s social competence with peers. Leveraging meta-analytic evaluation of the significance of early attachment for social competence already available (Groh et al., 2014), this quantitative review examined the significance of early temperamental reactivity for social competence with peers and compared the strength of this association with that for attachment. Based on 140 independent samples (u = 382; N = 49,891), the meta-analytic association between early difficult temperament and (lower) social competence was significant (r = 0.13, z = 0.13; 95% CI [0.11, 0.16]), but decreased as time between assessments increased. Findings were similar for negative and positive emotionality. Greater negative emotionality was associated with lower social competence (r = 0.14, z = 0.14; 95% CI [0.11, 0.17], k = 93, u = 172), and greater positive emotionality was associated with better social competence (r = 0.18, z = 0.18; 95% CI [0.12, 0.24], k = 43, u = 54). Meta-analytic associations were reduced when overlapping informants and overlapping items in temperament and social competence assessments were excluded (difficult temperament: r = 0.10, z = 0.10; 95% CI [0.06, 0.13]; negative emotionality: r = 0.10, z = 0.10; 95% CI [0.05, 0.15]; positive emotionality: r = 0.10, z = 0.10; 95% CI [0.06, 0.14]). Meta-analytic associations between these broadband temperament dimensions and social competence were smaller than the meta-analytic association between attachment security and social competence. Discussion focuses on the developmental significance of early temperament for social competence and ways to reconcile literatures on early temperament and attachment in future research on the developmental antecedents of children’s social competence.

中文翻译：

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早期气质反应对儿童与同龄人社交能力的意义：荟萃分析回顾和与早期依恋作用的比较。

早期的气质反应和依恋安全是儿童与同龄人社交能力的关键预测因素。利用对早期依恋对社会能力的重要性的荟萃分析评估（Groh 等人，2014 年），这项定量评价检查了早期气质反应对同龄人的社会能力的重要性，并将这种关联的强度与附件。基于 140 个独立样本（u = 382；N = 49,891），早期困难气质与（较低）社交能力之间的元分析关联是显着的（r = 0.13，z = 0.13；95% CI [0.11，0.16]） ，但随着评估之间时间的增加而减少。消极情绪和积极情绪的研究结果相似。更大的负面情绪与更低的社交能力相关（r = 0.14，z = 0.14；95% CI [0.11, 0.17], k = 93, u = 172)，更大的积极情绪与更好的社交能力相关 (r = 0.18, z = 0.18; 95% CI [0.12, 0.24], k = 43, u = 54)。当排除气质和社会能力评估中的重叠信息和重叠项目时，元分析关联减少（困难气质：r = 0.10，z = 0.10；95% CI [0.06，0.13]；负面情绪：r = 0.10，z = 0.10；95% CI [0.05, 0.15]；积极情绪：r = 0.10, z = 0.10；95% CI [0.06, 0.14]）。这些宽带气质维度与社会能力之间的元分析关联小于依恋安全与社会能力之间的元分析关联。